XSLT CLASS FILE ORDER:

one.txt	= the elements and one attribute for demo

source.xml = the elements with data as .xml

demo1.xsl = stylesheet demo - integrates html + one template - view structure only

demo2.xsl = source.xml with demo transformation

[Transformations:
a) in the browser
b) by JSP
c) by Java [or other]]

%java javademo1 source.xml demo1.xsl formatted.html

------------
What stylesheets look for:
	attributes
	comments
	elements
	namespaces
	processing instructions
	root node
	text

------------

demo3.xsl - here uses "current node operator" = the dot .

[compare demo2.xsl's "value-of select="name" to
		for-each ... value-of ...
         demo3.xls's "value-of select="."/>
]
----

MATCHING NODES BY USING "match" 

ROOT NODE = /
	NOTICE ROOT IS ALSO courses BUT HERE ID's BY SYMBOL /
	<xsl:template match="/">
		<xsl:apply-templates/>
	</xsl:temlate>

HANDLING ELEMENTS by name of element
	NOTICE THAT courses IS ALSO THE ROOT - but ID'd by name
	<xsl:template match="courses">

SELECTING PARENT/CHILD
	<xsl:template match="courses/name">
		<p><xsl:value-of select="."/></p>
	</xsl:template>

SELECTING EVERYONE BY WILDCARD *
	<xsl:template match="*">

SELECTING PARENT/GRANDCHILD
	<xsl:template match="course/*/name">
		<xsl:value-of select="."/>
	</xsl:temlate>

	ALTERNATIVE APPROACH
	<xsl:template match="courses//name">
		<xsl:value-of select="."/>
	</xsl:template>
------------------
ATTRIBUTES
	cannot be uniquely identified so need symbol to find 
	an attribute in the current node - only the text in that
	node appears, not the name of the node:
	e.g., <enrollment level="grad">25</enrollment>

	<xsl:template match="enrollment">
		<xsl:value-of select="."/>
		<xsl:text> <xsl:text>
		<xsl:value-of select="@level"/>
	</xsl:template>

SPECIAL CASE: the ID attribute
	<xsl:template match="id('ISBN')">
		<xsl:value-of select="."/>
	</xsl:template>

----------------------

MULTIPLE MATCHES: - getting and controlling all your data

---------------------
SPECIAL NOTE: 
demo4.xsl is an example of applying all the data in an HTML table.
demo4.xml is a copy of demo2.xml

-----------------

demo5.xsl (using demo5.xml)

MATCHING USING "OR"  (get element A OR element B)
	...
	<xsl:template match="course"/>
		<xsl:apply-templates/>
	</xsl:template>
	
	<xsl:template match="track | prereq">
		<b>
			<xsl:apply-templates/>
		</b>
	</xsl:template>

-----------
/* ********************************************
	[THIS SECTION IS A MORE ADVANCED LEVEL]
*********************************************** */

XPATH EXPRESSIONS:
	the above examples work fine, but they're long to create.
	XPath expressions are more powerful, but more complicated.

	To MATCH ANY ELEMENT THAT HAS AN ATTRIBUTE, e.g., 
	book that has an authorID attribute
		<xsl:template match="*[@authorID]">

		[look for any element (*) and in each element
		 check for an attribute with the name "authorID">


USES:	"location path" made up of "location steps"
		"location steps" are made of "axis", "node tests", and 0+ "predicates"

Example:
	/ = location step -- find the child node
	// = find any dependent (child) node

	child::course[position() = 2] means "find the second <course>
									child element of the context node
								(the current node being processed is
								 called the "context node")

Example:
	model:  	/descendant::MYNODE/child::MYSUBNODE (replace MYNODE with your element name)
	example:	/descendant::course/child::name

gets the <name> element of the <course> element

-------------
USING PREDICATES - 

	child::course[position() = 1] uses the predicate [position() = 1]
	to select not just the child <course> but the FIRST <state>
	child element

Predicates: let you move around the axis and also to select certain 
types:  Boolean, Node sets, numbers, and strings.


AXES:
	if there's a node called "person" that has an element "lastName"
	then "child::lastName" means get the current node (person)
	element of "lastName"

Here's a list of axes commands - SUBSTITUTE THEM IN THE BELOW
EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE:

	ancestor
	ancestor-or-self
	attribute
	child
	descendant
	descendant-or-self
	following
	following-sibling
	namespace
	parent
	preceding
	preceding-sibling
	self

---------
<xsl:template match="course">
	<html>
		<body>
			<xsl:value-of select="child::name"/>
		</body>
	</html>
</xsl:template>

["name" is the node test; "child" is the axis]

THIS IS THE SAME AS:
<xsl:template match="course">
	<html>
		<body>
			<xsl:value-of select="name"/>
		</body>
	</html>
</xsl:template>

----------------

NODE TESTS: after you find define the axis, you can test it.
	* = wildcard	example: child::*/child::prereq    will select 
		all <prereq> elements that are grandchild of the current node.

	OTHER TESTS:
	comment()
	node()
	processing-instruction()
	text()

-----------------------------------------------

USING PREDICATES

BOOLEAN:
	!=	is not equal to
	<	less than
	<=	less than or equal to
	=	equals
	>	greater than
	>=	is greater than or equal to

EXAMPLE: get only the course nodes after the first 3:
	<xsl:template match="course[position() > 3]">
		<xsl:value-of select="."/>
	</xsl:template>

This means "match all the <course> elements AFTER the first three.

--------------------------
NODE SETS:
	last()
	position()
	count(node-set)
	id(ID)
	local-name(node-set)
	namespace-uri(node-set)
	name(node-set)


EXAMPLE: Get courses between #3 and #10:
	<xsl:template match="course[position() > 3 and position() < 10]">
		<xsl:value-of select="."/>
	</xsl:template>

EXAMPLE:  get the very last <course> node:
	<xsl:template match="courses[(position() = last())]">

SEE demo6.xsl (demo6.xml) EXAMPLE

----------------------------
[THERE WILL BE MORE ABOUT MATCHING, but first...]

<xsl:if> - this is a boolean: Yes or No, True or False

	many times you need to test for some condition...
	EXAMPLE: want to know if the node is first or last so that
	we can change the display of the data ... add <hr> before 
	the first node and after the last.

see demo7.xsl and demo7.xml

----------------
CHOOSING: <xsl:when>   <xsl:choose>

	choose gives more options: "when" some condition is met, do this.

	EXAMPLE: you want to see a node in a certain color only if 
		some special condition or need ....

	<xsl:choose> 

see demo8.xsl demo8.xml


------------------------
SORTING:
	<xsl:sort>

	e.g.,  <xsl:sort select="name"/>  inside the <xsl:apply-templates> element

EXAMPLE:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">
	<html>
		<body>
			<h2>Course List</h2>
			<table border="1">
				<tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
					<th>Name</th>
					<th>Course</th>
					<th>Track</th>
				</tr>

				<xsl:for-each select="courses/course">
					<xsl:sort select="name"/>
	
					<tr>
						<td><xsl:value-of select="name"/></td>
						<td><xsl:value-of select="number"/></td>
						<td><xsl:value-of select="track"/></td>
					</tr>
	
				</xsl:for-each>
	
			</table>
		</body>
	</html>
</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

------------------------

CHOOSING OUTPUT:  XSLT will output to different document types
	(xml, html, txt, and **other MIME types**!) and also change the character encoding,
	kind of indentation, remove stuff, indicate the version, etc.

	<xsl:output media-type="text/rtf"/>

=================================================
=================================================
=================================================

Formatting Objects --> PDF FILES!

Using the same program (javademo.java) we can convert the 
.xml file, using an .xsl sheet, into a .fo file [formatting objects]

Then the .fo file can be fed to "FOP" (a free program but 
they're easy enough to write) that will generate a .pdf


Take a look at demo-fo.xml - same as the other versions
	but without the stylesheet instruction.

Now look at the .xsl that will be used to create the .fo file:
	demo-fo.xsl

Using the java demostration program (javademo1.java):
%java javademo1 demo-fo.xml demo-fo.xsl demoOutput.fo

[try it and see the output!  If you can't run the program, 
	at the bottom of this page is the outputted file.]

Now, run FOP:

%fop demoOutput.fo MyDemo.pdf

======================= END OF THE FILE =========================
=
=   file name:  XSLT Class Examples Order
=   created:    Feb 14, 2009
=================================================================


------------------------------------------------------------------

demoOutput.fo contents:


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format">
<fo:layout-master-set>
<fo:simple-page-master master-name="mainPage" 
	page-height="300mm" page-width="200mm" margin-top="20mm" 
	margin-bottom="20mm" margin-left="20mm" margin-right="20mm">
<fo:region-body margin-top="0mm" margin-bottom="10mm" margin-left="0mm" margin-right="0mm"/>
<fo:region-after extent="20mm"/>
</fo:simple-page-master></fo:layout-master-set><fo:page-sequence master-reference="mainPage">
<fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
	
		<fo:block font-weight="bold" font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif" text-decoration="underline">
		Name:
		Introduction to XML</fo:block>
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Number:
		LIS469</fo:block>
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Enrollment:
		25</fo:block>
		Info Sci
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Instructor:
		Benoit</fo:block>
		LIS488
	

	
		<fo:block font-weight="bold" font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif" text-decoration="underline">
		Name:
		Information Retrieval</fo:block>
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Number:
		LIS466</fo:block>
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Enrollment:
		20</fo:block>
		Info Sci
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Instructor:
		Benoit</fo:block>
		LIS488 LIS415
	

	
		<fo:block font-weight="bold" font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif" text-decoration="underline">
		Name:
		Art of the Americas</fo:block>
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Number:
		ART123</fo:block>
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Enrollment:
		30</fo:block>
		General Education
		<fo:block font-size="18pt" line-height="24pt" font-family="sans-serif">
		Instructor:
		Mahard</fo:block>
		none
	
</fo:flow></fo:page-sequence></fo:root>

--------------------------------------------------------------------------


[NOTES about FOP - don't worry if you can't read all this.]

FOP -
download.

On Mac:  put the fop.jar file (from build folder) in /Library/Extension/Java

Navigate to the folder where fop resides (e.g., /FOP2/fop-0.95-bin/fop-0.95/fop)

In the command shell, type ./fop  

you'll see a help but then a serious error - ignore the error msg:

  Fop foo.fo foo.pdf 
  Fop -fo foo.fo -pdf foo.pdf (does the same as the previous line)
  Fop -xml foo.xml -xsl foo.xsl -pdf foo.pdf
  Fop -xml foo.xml -xsl foo.xsl -foout foo.fo
  Fop foo.fo -mif foo.mif
  Fop foo.fo -rtf foo.rtf
  Fop foo.fo -print or Fop -print foo.fo 
  Fop foo.fo -awt 


See also: http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/0.95/running.html#fop-script
NOTE: see all the kinds of inputs and outputs?


e.g., /Users/gbenoit/Desktop/FOP2/fop-0.95-bin/fop-0.95/examples/fo/basic/simple.fo
----------------------------------------------------------------
[Macintosh-169:FOP2/fop-0.95-bin/fop-0.95] gbenoit% pwd
/Users/gbenoit/Desktop/FOP2/fop-0.95-bin/fop-0.95
[Macintosh-169:FOP2/fop-0.95-bin/fop-0.95] gbenoit% 

----------------------------------------------------------------
EXAMPLE (on my Mac):

[Macintosh-169:FOP2/fop-0.95-bin/fop-0.95] gbenoit% ./fop examples/fo/basic/simple.fo -txt helloFop.txt
Dec 2, 2008 5:44:59 PM org.apache.fop.render.txt.TXTRenderer startRenderer
INFO: Rendering areas to TEXT.
Dec 2, 2008 5:45:00 PM org.apache.fop.render.txt.TXTRenderer stopRenderer
INFO: writing out TEXT
[Macintosh-169:FOP2/fop-0.95-bin/fop-0.95] gbenoit% 


--------------------------------