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Bookmarks for IT 320

Web Services and Web-Centric Computing

Course Syllabus

Last Updated 1/19/07
There is also a Current Version of these resources

©Margaret Menzin

I am particularly grateful to my IT 320 students for their contributions to these links


Please note that many elementary bookmarks may also be found at http://web.simmons.edu/~menzin/CS101_Site/bookmarks.html
Some of these bookmarks are old, but they include many links on web-safe colors, free graphics, site design issues, JavaScript tutorials, etc.

Please be sure to check the General Tools section, in addition to the sections for specific topics.

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IT 320 Bookmarks

General Tools

Tools for Many IT320 Topics

Webmonkey:The Web Developer's Resource
Large and useful site on site design for professionals - from beginner to master- many links; Includes info on PERL etc
DevEdge Netscape Sidebar Tabs
Sidebars for HTML, CSS, JavaScript etc. you may install in Netscape 6+ for heavy duty developers.
DevEdge was a wonderful site, now archived here.
The sidebar tabs, which work in later Netscapes and in Firefox, are professional tools for developers. For example, there are sidebars for JavaScript, CSS, DOM and XSLT.
WebDeveloper.com ®: Where Web Developers and Designers Learn How to Build Web Sites, Program in Java and JavaScript and More!
Links on Html, XHTML, JavaScript, Perl, CGI etc.
HotScripts
Articles on scripts for many languages and technologies - Perl, PHP, Python, JavaScript, XML
Web Developer's Virtual Library
Tutorials on authoring, including intermediate level ones; JavaScript, CSS, XML, etc.
w3schools
On-line tutorials for many subjects - including CSS, XML, etc. 
Usually a very clear survey of the issues, features, syntax.
Read before you get into the grubby details for an excellent overview.
ASPN
Resource for programmers in PERL,PHP, Python, etc. Major site.
Kira's Web Toolbox
Builder.com - Beyond the code
Web services, Java, Database,UNIX, XHTML etc.
Some articles more obscure than useful.
Newsletters
The Digital Divas - A Network of Digitally Gifted Women
Links to sites for HTML, CGI, Perl, etc.
Survey of browser usage
But beware that Netscape and Mozilla may be confounded; See also description of Mozilla
Many scripts in many languages
Includes HTML, RSS, Perl
The Experts
Links to Dmitry's Design lab (a favorite), articles on XML, DHTML
w3.org
All the specs on all the web standards and some (difficult) primers
Goodies To Go! Newsletter Archive
Index of useful articles on many topics - from technical issue to optimizing for search engines
Web Monkey
Tutorials on a variety of topics
Mozilla’s Developer Center
Links to articles and reference material on every topic in the course and then some.
A List Apart (calls itself ALA)
Mainly articles on CSS code, but also some on JavaScript, XML, layout and web site design
I particularly like the article on lists in CSS.

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IT in general - not course specific

FTP Utilities

CoreFTPLite
This is my favorite free FTP client;
It supports SFTP/SSH.
It is easy to use and robust.
Please note that on some LINUX machines (e.g. those requiring SFTP, such as Anita) you must use SFTP; on others you may not be able to upload files if you use SFTP.
SSH Communications Security : Home
Site for another secure FTP utility.
FTP server
Another secure FTP utility - 30 day free trial
Choosing an FTP utility
FTP for various OS's.
Download WS_FTP LE
License for current edition of Ipswitch FTP Home Edition (low cost)
FTPplanet.com - A community site for users of FTP
Ipswitch's site, including guide on their FTP utility
Setting up your FTP utility
SmartFTP
A free FTP utility; I find CoreFTP easier to use.
Filezilla
Free FTP and SFTP (Secure FTP) utility (from Source Forge)
CyberDuck
Another free FTP and SFTP utility- this one for Macs
Fugu
SFTP for Macs with a graphical front-end

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UNIX/LINUX

While you are on a UNIX/LINUX machine:
man commandName  gives the manual’s sections on that command.
A tutorial which starts with the basic but goes to more topics –
great resource
UNIX Systems Admin
Very detailed course
There are many LINUX (and UNIX) groups on Google
The following tutorials are all very, very basic:
BigNoseBird Introduction and tutorials
Quick, barely large enough to be useful introduction to LINUX and file permissions with link to good vi tutorial and cgi scripts
Linux Primer from Clark University
Good introductory primer
Another basic intro –
from Bridgewater College
A tutorial which starts with the basic but goes to more topics –
Great resource
Linux Links
Includes a place for newbies, but most of the searches link to books at Amazon
To edit all scripts with one line of Perl
LinuxPlanet
has a lot of info – perhaps more than you want
There are elementary tutorials on shell programming etc – starting basic
Shell programming
Part 1 talks about basics – copying, moving files etc.;
Part 2 talks about pipes, redirection and I/O.
vi and vim documentation and tutorials
There is a tutorial on most UNIX/LINUX machines.
Type vimtutorial  (Vim is an update of vi.)
BigNoseBird Tutorial
Very useful cheat sheet of editing commands
UNIX/LINUX guide from Web Monkey
Two dozen of the most frequently used commands

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Search Engines and Getting Found

SearchEngines.com - search engine rankings and search engine optimization tips.
Largest site on search engines; newsletters etc. How to get found and where you want to be found
Search Engines: What's the Difference?
Google vs. Yahoo vs. Ask Jeeves / Teoma
Goodies to Go! Newsletter #281
Search engines- met-tags and general intro
Goodies to Go! Newsletter #282
Which search engine do you wish to optimize your site for?
Goodies to Go! Newsletter #286
On getting found - belongs in Search Engines
How Search Engines Work
Several pages, including good information you’ll want to know on how they rank pages
Major Search Engines and Directories
Major search engines and how to get listed
Before You Write Meta Tags
Uses for meta-tags, including general and internal search engines
The impact of links and link text on search engine placement
Getting found

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Other IT Tools

Builder.com - Beyond the code
Web services, Java, Database, Unix, XHTML etc.
Reviews and free downloads at Download.com
Free FTP utility from Ipswitch - may be older version, in case can't find current version from Ipswitch
https://techrepublic-secure.com.com/5106-6242-24-15872.html?part=tr&subj=15872
CD on how to manage a small office network
PDFConverterX, PDF to Text Component for Conversion
Tool to convert PDF documents to text or HTML. Maybe old
Choosing a CMS - What you Need to Know
Choosing a CMS (Content Management System)
TIOBE Community Bulletin Board
Lists frequency of queries about various languages
DDJ
Dr. Dobbs Journal has links on many programming languages and platforms

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Tech News Sources

ACM
Current news; you should also get their newsletter with weekly updates.
If you are a student, you should join; student memberships are a bargain.
 IEEE
This site has more news about the IEEE than about technology.
Local societies and local computer societies also frequently have newsletters
Zdnet
Reviews of software, hardware and tech toys; good place to find free utilities (e.g. for FTP)
as well as to comparison shop for new computers, digital cameras, etc.
 CNET Tech News
 TechWeb – catering to IT folk
 Tech News World
 SlashDot
Slashdot likes to describe itself as ‘news for nerds’
 Wired.com

 And, of course, all the general news outlets from the
N Y Times to
Yahoo!


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Tools for Accessibility - e.g. for color-blind and low-vision users

Web Accessibility Initiative
W3c's links to everything you could need to know about accessibility problems
on-line and how to address them.
This site links to EVERYTHING.
Color Deficient Vision
See how your site looks to someone who
is color-blind with links (at bottom) to transforming tools.
Rules so your site will be accessible for the color-blind
CSS for aural style sheets
For pages which are read aloud
Web documentation for aural style sheets
From w3.org
Web Standards
Webstandards.org is devoted to affordable accessibility for all.
Through their site you may obtain the British guide to accessible sites
Creating accessible tables from the w3c.org
How to create tables (for tabular information, not for layout) which work for Braille readers, cell phones, etc.
Accessibility and the Web - Designing Web Pages that are Color-Blind Friendly
Rules so your site will be accessible for the color-blind
Web Exact
This is a free service which validates for conformance to accessibility rules.
Lynx Viewer
Lynx is a text-only browser.

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Other IT Tools and Resources

Client and server
Introduction to terms
Newsletters on CSS, XHTML, JavaScript etc.
Builder.com : Architect : Web Services
Newsletters on web services
Goodies To Go! Newsletter Archive
Index of useful articles on many topics - from technical issue to optimizing for search engines.
Some are dated.
The Digital Divas - A Network of Digitally Gifted Women
Links to sites for HTML, CGI, Perl, etc.
Sun Microsystems
Sun's developer site - information on Java, Web Services, etc.
WebDeveloper.com ®: Where Web Developers and Designers Learn How to Build Web Sites, Program in Java and JavaScript and More!
Links on Html, XHTML, JavaScript, Perl, CGI etc.
Amaya Home Page
Editor which includes extensions to MathML;
Amaya is a w3c.org tool for editing on the web
Webmonkey | Reference: Special Characters
Another list of all the special codes.
Note: You may need to type the URL into your browser and then use the back button if the browser quickly goes to another page. The URL is http://www.webmonkey.com/webmonkey/reference/special_characters/
Apache
A very large, major open source organization with many projects.
Apache is a web server; there are links to Xerces, Apache’s XML editing tool, other XML projects, and many other projects and products.
Source Forge
Another large source for open source projects

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Miscellaneous Tools- not IT  related

VisiBone Touch-Typing Tutor
Typing tutor - in case you need it or know someone who does
WinSite: Graph paper printer
Print your own graph paper

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HTML and XHTML, including CSS

XHTML/HTML

Please note that a large number of resources, including information about web page and web site design may be found at www.simmons.edu/~menzin/CS101_Site/bookmarks.html the bookmarks for CS101, my introductory web design class. Most of these links are not duplicated on this page, and you should be sure to visit the CS101 bookmarks.

Documentation for HTML and XHTML

HTML Codes - Special Characters - ASCII Table from About.com
Codes for < , accented letters and other special characters
HTML Special Entities from w3schools
Another easy to use list
Webmonkey | Reference: Special Characters
Another list of all the special codes
Note: You may need to type the URL into your browser and then use the back button if the browser quickly goes to another page.
The URL is http://www.webmonkey.com/webmonkey/reference/special_characters/
Special Characters for HTML from w3c.org
Includes mathematical characters
XHTML Elements Library - HTML Tag Libraryfrom About.com
Links to summary of tags for HTML/XHTML by function (at bottom) and alphabetically (to right of sponsored links box) and links to summary of modules (major chunks by function) for XHTML
HTML elements from w3c.org
HTML attributes from w3c.org
Includes information on what is deprecated
Quick reference on all XHTML tags from DevGuru.com
Very easy to use and helpful, but doesn't warn you about usage dropped in going from transitional to strict Doctype.
Modularization of XHTML from About.com
Good intro to modularization of XHTML
Modularization of XHTML1.1 from w3c
Includes information on changes from XHTML1.0
You Already Write for Cell Phones - XHTML Basic
Modules and tags included in XHTML Basic, so you can write for PDA’s, cell phones, etc. Also see link above this.
XHTML Basic description and documentation
XHTML Basic is a minimal subset for 'small user agents' (cell phones, smart watches, TVs)
VisiBone HTML and CSS Products
Cards summarizing HTML, CSS, JavaScript syntax (to buy)
XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition)
Turning HTML into XHTML from w3.org
HTML Working Group Roadmap
What modules and versions will be coming your way and when
The DOM model
Also check out the Tutorials and Articles section directly below and the information on the DOM in the JavaScript section.
This reference is from the JavaScript Kit.
HTML 4.01 Specification
Of course, by now you are writing XHTML.
You can also find the Forms specifications here.
IDocs References on HTML
This is from 2003 - before the days when XHTML was a must.
Still, it has useful basic information and some tutorials.
Setting the character set encoding
More information on character set encodings is in the Tutorials section.

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Tutorials and Articles for HTML and XHTML

Tutorials and Elementary Articles

Introduction to HTML
From w3.org; but by now you should be writing XHTML
Why switch to XHTML?
The Transition from HTML to XHTML
From About.com
Making the switch to XHTML
Why you should switch from HTML to XHTML - from Builder.com
XHTML 101 - Free XHTML Course
Good but basic introduction to XHTML.
There is also a free HTML class here (see links at the left.)
XHTML Tutorial from w3schools.com
w3schools tutorials are always a good place to begin.
Dave Ragett's Tutorials on HTML
Even though you should start with XHTML, this is such a clear, concise tutorial it's a classic.
There are also links to his advanced tutorial
And to his tutorial on CSS
And to his invaluable HTMLTidy
XHTML tutorials
You can also change the 1-1 in the URL to 2-1, 3-1, etc. to step thru the tutorials
This is from About.com
WDVL: Introduction to XHTML, with eXamples
XHTML tutorial from WDVL
HTML Tutorial from EchoEcho.com
Another clear HTML tutorial - but, of course, you'll write XHTML
This tutorial does haesome more advanced features - e.g. meta tags refresh, etc.
The navigation is so clear that you can quickly zoom to any details you need.
HTML Tutorial from HTML.net
Although this is an HTML tutorial it looks towards XHTML - e.g. close all tags, put tags in lower case, etc.
Wilbur is an older HTML tutorial
It has a useful alphabetical idex of tags.
Excellent at it's time, the author, Eric Meyer, has since become the guru of CSS
Attributes and XML
Introduction to attributes and values
Tutorials from w3c,org
This includes links to some advanced tutorials.
The span and div Tags
Clear summary of the similarities and differences
And how to use div appropriately
What's in a Title
What the title tag does for you and how to find it.
Writing HTML Code that is Human-Readable
Why you should do this, and how to do it
The trouble with using ems and percents for font sizing
Pitfalls of relative sizing for fonts
Are keywords the answer for font sizing?
Keywords work better than absolute or relative sizes for fonts
Properly using CSS and Scripts with XHTML - please also see section below on CSS
From Mozilla; with examples
Using an HTML Validator
Please also see section below on HTMLTidy
Quirks Mode - Using the DOCTYPE Tag
Why you need the DOCTYPE
Rise of the Underdog Browser
Why you need to design for all browsers
Please also refer to the sections on Site Design and Browsers
Font Families: How to Decide Which Font Family to Use -- Serif, Sans-Serif, Monospace, Script, Fantasy
Links to many code warriors and sites on dynamic HTML
More information on dynamic HTML and DOM may be found in the section on DOM - advanced articles on JavaScript
Guidelines for formatting lists
Attributes for the Image tag
Checklist for your web page
Good checklist oneverything from correct spelling to making sure your image files are small enough to download rapidly (12Kb)
Unordered lists - how to change the shape of the bullets or get none
Beginning with XHTML1.0 strict this must be done through styling.
This also works on mobile devices
Ordered lists - how to change the enumeration (e.g. Roman, Arabic numerals, letters, etc.)
Beginning with XHTML1.0 strict this must be done through styling.
This also works on mobile devices
The starting point of the numbering/lettering may also be specified

Forms, Post and Get - see also section on CGI

A Useability checklist for forms
Excellent article
WDVL: Server-side Scripting
Excellent introduction to what CGI is and why it's needed.
WDVL: The GET Method
How GET assembles a request, so the HTTP request can be isolated and CGI can isolate the search parameters and their values
WDVL: Problems With the GET Method
WDVL: Request Headers
What's in an http header
WDVL: The POST Method
How POST assembles a request etc.
WDVL: The <Form> Tag
Specifying POST and to what CGI script
Focus on forms
The focus() and blur() methods
Checkboxes vs Radio Buttons
From Jakob Nielsen, the great guru on useability
The Disabled attribute in forms
This allows you to fill in a field and prevent the suer from changing it
HTML Forms from w3c.org
Includes some advanced methods - e.g. fieldset for grouping related elements and control elements
Additions to forms in XHTML are also available.
XForms for HTML Authors
The w3c.org explains how to convert Forms to Xforms
Emailing Forms Data
Scripts to send form data by email, if you don't want to use the preferred CGI script

More Advanced Articles

Using Web Pages with Excel
How to set up your web page so that it may be downloaded into Excel
Coming eventually: XHTML2.0
What to expect
Modularization of XHTML
Good introduction to modularization of XHTML for XHTML
Also discusses the Transitional, Strict, and Frameset subsets of XHTML
Description of all the modules in XHTML 1.1
And the changes from the modularization of XHTML 1.0
Also links to the description of moularization in XHTML1.0
If you scroll down to the FULL table of contents you will find
which elements are part of which modules in XHTML 2.0
The description for XHTML 1.1 makes it easier to see where the w3c is heading, before
you go to the more complicated XHTML 2.0
The List Module in XHTML 2.0
A new type of list is added for navigation lists.
Open and recently resolved issues are at the bottom of the page.
You Already Write for Cell Phones - XHTML Basic
Modules and tags included in XHTML Basic, so you can write for PDA's, cell phones, etc. Also see links about modularization.
Tutorial on writing for mobile devices
Should you abandon table-based layouts in favor of CSS?
Yes- almost always! And this articles explains why
The document character set (Unicode)
What are chasets all about?
How do I use them - a tutorial


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Links and Resources for HTML and XHTML

Validators, HTML Tidy and the connections between HTML and XHTML

HTML Tidy is the standard for XHTML validation.
Originally developed at the w3c, it is now under the aegis of Source Forge, the huge open source organization.

HTML tidy service - this is the place I recommend going!!
HTML Tidy on-line (interactive). Fast and easy to use.
You don't need to learn all the details of HTML Tidy to use this page.
General information about HTMLTidy and its capabilities
Clean up your Web pages with HTML TIDY
Link to HTMLTidy - turns your HTML into XHTML.
Although this page describes itself as 'somewhat dated', it has a lot of excellent information as well as a Link to Source Forge and current versions of HTML Tidy.
HTML Tidy Project Page
The actual HTML Tidy programs
You may download the programs if you wish to 'Tidy' your pages off-line.
HTML Tidy - Frequently Asked Questions
HTML Tidy Configuration Options Quick Reference
Options you may set for HTML Tidy at SourceForge.
This is a huge site, with a library of Tidy that you can call in various languages, and tools for version management.
Explains how to download your own copy of HTML Tidy and set the options
XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition)
How to write HTML which is XHTML compatible so there is less to 'Tidy' up
Tidy Online
Another place to check your HTML and VALIDATE it!
This is another version of HTML Tidy
W3c Validator
W3C Markup Validation Service: Upload Files
Validate your XHTML

There are other validators
CSE HTML Validator Online Check
On-line HTML Validator
There is a free version.
Mozilla's DevEdge has links to several validators.
HTML Kit
Customizable HTL editor with HTML Tidy and beyond for validation; free for personal use.
HTML Validator
From the Web Design Group at www.htmlhelp.com - much of this is dated.
Note that this HTML site validates HTML, not XHTML!
They also offer a CSS checker (again for CSS1, not CSS2)
And a very useful Link Valet, to check all the links on your page
Validator advice and common 'gotchas'
From AListApart
Advice on validation and links to validators
Many useful links, but some links do not work in Netscape Navigator

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XHTML Editors

Links to 14 free XHTML editors
Brief description of each editor
Large parts of this were composed on Evrsoft's excellent 1st page
NoteTab Lite is also popular.
Amaya is the w3c's browser/editor and it is designed to work with mathematical expressions and Math ML.
WYSISYG Editors - a few of which are free
The list includes the usual commercial products - Dreamweaver, Adobe, etc. and links to them
More links on editorsfrom About.com
HTML-Kit - free, standards-compliant editor and validator
ZD Net's Download site is another source of editors.
Some reviews. Editors range from free to expensive.
Many have a free trial - or a free less fancy version
Check ZD Net's general download site for site management and design tools.
SourceForge, the huge open source software foundation
Also maintains a list of editor projects.
This includes editors for other languages too
Of course, everything is free.
HyperText Builder 2006
Earlier versions of this freeware editor were highly reviewed.
Includes tools for developing server-side PHP scripts

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Link Checkers

Link Valet
Free and easy to use. Color coded report makes it easy to find broken links, although some fancy 'error pages' don't get picked up as broken.
w3c link checker
ZDNet also has a list of link checkers.
List is updated and includes prices, release date, and some reviews.

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Browsers including issues on standards compliance

Why standards are important
Rise of the Underdog Browser
Why you need to design for all browsers
Survey of browser usage
But beware that Netscape and Mozilla may be confounded; See also description of Mozilla
Most recent version of Firefox
With acess to other Mozilla products including Firefox for all browsers
Archive of old broswers so you can test your site
This is really a one-stop place and is the eaasiest way to find old versions of Firefox.
Also has Bobby (for low vision viewers), Safari for Macs, Flock (social broswer).
Of course, all version of IE, including for handhelds are here.
SillyDog
Archive of old (and curent)Netscape browsers for pc's, Macs, Linux, etc.
Current Opera browser
Mobile version of browser also available here
Netscape archive of its browsers
Doctype switch and the difference between Quirks and Standard mode
Also has useful table on how older browsers handle various doctypes and articles on same.
Quirks mode for Mozilla browsers
Clear description of why Quirks mode is needed and how it works
How your page looks in Lynx, a text-only broswer
Major browsers with brief decriptions
and their bugs. Useful.
PNG and cross-broswer problems
PNG is a graphics format which is not supported in all browsers. This article tells you how to work around that
AListApart articles on browsers
Many of these articles are on CSS and site design issues.
Design for Firefox first and then IE
to make pages look good in both browsers.
Don't tell them what browser to use
And use the standards!

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Other XHTML Links and Resources

Please also check the section on accessibility rules and tools.
The more general resources come before the specific ones.
In general, www.w3c.org
has all the detailed documentation, and the sites below have easier introductions
Still,it's hard to undersestimate the importance of the w3c site for documentation, status reports, and even some tutorials.
About.com covers many, many topics
http://webdesign.about.com/
You know w3schools for their excellent introductory to intermediate tutorials
www.w3schools.com
This is always a great place to startwhen you arae learning something new.
Web Developer’s Virtual Library has excellent introductory to intermediate tutorials
http://www.wdvl.com/Authoring/Scripting/
Webmonkey's material, once cutting edge, looks more dated now
http://www.webmonkey.com/
WebReference tends to be more for experienced developers
http://www.webreference.com/tools/
Their Experts page has many good links, including Dmitry's labs, with great design advice.
The Mozilla Development Center has a variety of HTML tools
http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Category:HTML:Tools
Older Dev Edge tools, including those for JavaScript, are available.
So are the useful DevEdge Netscape Sidebar Tabs
These are sidebars for HTML, CSS, JavaScript, DOM, etc. you may install in Netscape 6+ for heavy duty developers.
Other sidebars are add-ins for Firefox
Web Developer Extension has a toolbar for Firefox, Flock, etc.
Zvon also has sidebars for Opera and IE
Also tutorials, including on XML and CSS
CSS & XHTML Bookmarks
is an enormous list of galleries of CSS styles, CSS tutorials (including 10 favorites), and articles. Mostly on CSS, but some on AJAX and other topics.
HTML Help
Various tools and references, some dated
The New York Public Library Style Guide
Written for people writing in the branch libraries. Good, basic information.
HTML Writers' Guild links
Site is not updated frequently. Formerly free tutorials are now tuition-base e-classes
About.com: http://watson.addy.com/
Tool to verify syntax, links, download speed etc for HTML pages
XHTML Frequently Answered Questions
DevEdge Netscape Sidebar Tabs
Sidebars for HTML, CSS, JavaScript, DOM, etc. you may install in Netscape 6+ for heavy duty developers.
Sidebars are available at this archived site.
HTML Editors and Software for Web Development
Editors, image map tools, etc.
Open Source Web Development - Dev Shed
Articles on XHTML,CSS, XML, Perl, etc
Tend to be more advanced and often looking for less main-stream effects.
The impact of links and link text on search engine placement
Getting found
DHTML Code Samples
and get free DHTML Scripts and DHTML Tutorials
Links to many code warriors and sites on dynamic HTML
DevEdge Tune-Up Wizard
Tests pages in Netscape and Firefox

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Issue in Site and Page Design

Information on Color and Graphics

Color and Graphics
Good explanation of everything you might want to know about graphics - including bit depth, dithering, anti-aliasing etc.
The RGB Monitors
WDVL explains how colors are specified in XHTML and why
The 6x6x6 Color Cube
What colors you can specify using that cube
Browser safe, or non-dithering, colors
This is the most famous site for browser safe colors.
You should always use browser safe colors to avoid dithering
You may view the colors arranged by hue or by value.
Colors of similar value have similar intensity or impact.
Other pages with browser-safe colors may be found at
Primeline - nifty interactive tool
The Visual QuickStart Guide on XHTML and CSS
WDVL has a site on graphics
    Links to free graphics, tools, resources etc. near the bottom of the page
    Also some more advancedarticles on graphics
About.com
Cloford.com - Charts on colors, special characters, country codes
Dmitry's Color Lab
Excellent advice and information about color and design
Several pages
Optimizing Web Graphics
A bit dated, but many wonderful tools and links, and no one minds a fast download
Understanding Color and Accessibility
From evolt.org
Color Wheel and color theory
Many useful links to tools and other resources
Production Graphics
For the Graphics Professional
Tools for re-sizing images
Sources of free images and icons
HTML Writers' Guild -Links to several libraries of buttons,rules, etc.
Realm Graphics - 150 icons by type; Good source
Clip-art.com- Enormous collection of free clip art
Graphic Element samples - Large collection of basic but useful icons
Yahoo 's list of icon collections- Always a good place to start
ShockZone Animated GIFs - Use sparingly, but if you must, this is an easy place to find what you want; Also has non-animated clip art
Laura McCanna's Free Art Page- - Images with a similar feel
Icon Bazaar - Icons by category, so easier to find wht you want
Index of bullets - Useful site for colored bullets
Free Stuff Center - Leads to several collections
Webshots Photos - Enormous collection of photos, very well categorized; has several of everything you can think of; may also use it them as screen savers
GraphixKingdom - Large collection of clip art by category
Icon Browser - Large collection of icons, but not categorized, so time-consuming to use
Barry's Clip Art - Another huge, categorized source
Search for more free clipart
Search for more free photos

Page Design - Including Usability

The Basics of Page Layout
Basic - which is a good place to strt. Links at the bottom to other information
Useability checklist for forms
Good advice!
Useable forms for an international audienece
From evolt.org
Checkboxes vs. Radio Button
Article by Jakob Nielsen, the great guru of usability.
His web site has many articles on useability, including
The Top 10 mistakes of web design and
the all-important Usability 101.
Also annual lists of best and worst web sites.
Articles on writing for the web
From AListApart
On-line writing style
From Lynch and Horton's book
Tips for fast-loading pages
Useful for large pages/sites.
From Mozilla
Slash - getting URLS right
The F-shaped pattern for reading on the web
From Jakob Nielsen
Checklist for creating web pages
The all important back button
Links near the bottom lead to more articles about navigation
Writing Effective Links
Screen resolution and page layout
Usability.gov
Many articles, templates and lots of good advice about usability.
Includes information about the process of developing a site
as well as on planning, writing, programming and usability testing.
A treasure trove of information.
There are many tools and pages on acessibility issues in the general IT Tools section.
The w3c.org also has a Content Accessiblity Curriculum

Site Design

Art and the Zen of Web Sites
Humorous but very on-target advice.
Dmitry's Design Lab
Great advice on site design, navigation, etc. Great place to start
Web Style Guide
On-line version of Horton and Lynch's classic book
Good advice on everything from typography to navigation and on to site design
A complete course!
Further references may be found here.
Navigation advice
From evolt.org
Where Am I?
Good advice on naviagation
What makes for a good site?
How to drive your readers away
Articles on site design, layout and graphic design
From AListApart

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CSS or Cascading Style Sheets 

Documentation for CSS etc.

Please note that many sites are a combination of tutorials, articles, doumentation, examples and information about tools. All these are found in the Links and Resouces for CSS section, so be sure to check out tht section too.

W3C HTML Home Page
I find myself also using these w3c pages:
w3c on the Cascade
w3c on assigning color values
w3c on Selectors
Style Activity Statement
     Status of various projects on style sheets - including CSS and XSL
CSS Validator from w3c.org
     So you know your code is valid
Cascading Style Sheets, Level 2
     Includes what values may be assigned to what attributes, etc.
Fonts
     w3c's definitions of the characteristics of fonts which you may specify, and how to do it.
Property index
     Chart with all possible properties, possible value and default values.
Media types
The @import rule
Descriptor index
     Highly technical reference on CSS descriptors, mostly related to fonts. Advanced and not normally useful.
XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition)
     Guidelines so your XHTML will work in existing HTML browsers
VisiBone HTML and CSS Products
Cards summarizing HTML, CSS, JavaScript syntax (to buy)
CSS Reference Table
Very useful table of attributes and values; from Bulder.com
CSS Reference table
Only CSS1, but a good clear place for a beginner to start, as is the guide to
CSS structure and rules
From htmlhelp.com
Other links from that site are available, including CSSCheckup, to check/validate for CSS (1),
A short tutorial on how to link style designations to your html page and
other web authoring tools (some dated – e.g. validate HTML but not XHTML).
Learning CSS
Books and articles on learning CSS (from w3c.org)
Web Style Sheets
w3c on style sheets - CSS and XSL
CSS for aural style sheets
For pages which are read aloud
Web documentation for aural style sheets
From w3.org
CSS Documentation and articles
Many topics and useful resources.
Covers CSS1 and CSS2.
CSS2 Reference from w3schools
Their tutorials are very useful, and so are their references.
CSS: The Definitive Guide - 1st editition by Eric Meyer
This is indeed the definitive guide.
The on-line version, which has less explanatory material than the print version, is also available through Safari Books at the ACM
Discusses CSS1 thoroughly and looks ahead to CSS2
HTML Goodies' Reference
May cover only CSS1, but easy to use and fine until all common browsers implement CSS2 or you use CSS2's features
Older (2001) documentation
Avaliable in other languages

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Tutorials & Articles for CSS

Learning CSS
Books,tutorials, etc. on CSS from w3c.org
Starting with HTML + CSS
First look at CSS from w3c.org.
Good place to start.
CSS Tutorial
From w3schools.com
Another excellent introduction.
Dave Raggett's Introduction to CSS
from Dave Raggett at w3c.org
RichInStyle.com CSS2 tutorial
CSS How to
Usual excellent introduction from w3schools.com
Linking your style sheets to your html page
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) By Example: CSS Resources
Fine set of tutorials and links
Webmonkey’s Guide to CSS
More an overview than a tutorial
Tutorial from Alsacreations
Very elegant!
Tutorial from EchoEcho.com
Basic, clear.Many links on site.
Tutorial from HTML Goodies
Starts basic, but goes far enough;
Links to tools and other tutorials at the bottom
Primer on CSS from HTML Goodies
Beginner's tutorial from html.net
Useful index on the left side.
May be dated, as also has tutorial from HTML, rather than XHTML.
MaxDesign's tutorials
On lists, floats, etc.
Start with the SelectTutorial
These tutorials are intermediate level.
Quick Tutorial on CSS –
From WDG and htmlhelp.com.
May not include CSS2, but a fast start
Article on how to link, classes vs id etc basic but very clear
WestCiv’s tutorials
From beginning to advanced.
Another tutorial; this one is from CommunityMX
All sections are indexed in part 6
This site also has tutorials on Flash, Dreamweaver, etc.

 

The next block of tutorials is from About.com.They are good introductions:
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) Tutorial
     About.com 's CSS tutorials,including table of contents to various lessons.
CSS Lesson 1: What are Cascading Style Sheets &# [ ]
     Intro to CSS with links to many tutorials
CSS Lesson 2: Inline Styles &# [ ]
     Where to put your styling - inline, external, etc.
CSS Lesson 3: <font> CSS &# [ ]
     Text and font attributes
CSS Lesson 4: CSS Backgrounds &# [ ]
     Backgrounds, boxes (can we live without tables?) and positioning
CSS Lesson 5: Tips and Tricks with CSS &# [ ]
     DHTML and other tricks
CSS2 Generated Content
     How to get CSS2 to manage your bullets, numbering etc.
     Unfortunately IE has not yet implemented the :before and :after pseudo-elements
CSS Selectors
CSS Positioning
CSS Boxes
     and dressing up your borders
CSS Specificity
     What rules take precedence over which
CSS3 – what’s coming and also How It’s Implemented
Advanced articles on CSS
Media types (printer friendly pages)
What browsers support in CSS and how to Display Stylesheets Dynamically
     What browsers support what features and links on work-arounds for older browsers
Tutorial from Zvon.com
Also has links to tutorials on XML etc
The next set of articles is from Peachpit, publishers of books for graphic designers:
Styling forms attarctively
Print versions of web pages, paginations etc.
10 Favorite CSS tutorials, with brief descriptions.
None is elementary.
Tutorial on internationalization and CSS3
From w3c.org
CSS Structure and rules
Tutorial from htmlhelp.com
Includes rules for cascading
HTML Goodies - Explorer Tutorials
Well written tutorials, very clear, but maybe dated (e.g. CSS1 instead of CSS2, and doesn't appear to know that Navigator supports CSS too)
There are other tutorials on CSS here too – with useful links to tools and more tutorials at the bottom
The next set of articles is from WDVL:
WDVL.com/Authoring/Style/Sheets/Tutorial.html
     Link from About.com, but part of WDVL
WDVL: Introduction to Style Sheets
     Same tutorial on WDVL’s site.
     Tutorial on CSS - good top-dow approach;
     Be sure to also look at their pages on Designing CSS Web Pages in the
     "Links and Resources for CSS" section below.
     Layers in CSS
WDVL: Linking Styles to Documents
     How to link a style sheet to your page
The Brain Jar on Positioning with CSS
There are other tutorials here too - e.g. on DOM
There is also a tutorial on using CSS
Dealing with differences in CSS floats in IE and Netscape
Advanced article; also relevant to next article.
Rearrange page code to raise text relevance
How to move the important terms nearer the top of the page so your page gets found by search engines.
Change rollover effects by changing the order of CSS styles
Rollovers and the order of CSS styles
Why CSS styling is for tables too
Using CSS for tables
Integrated Web Design: Strategies for Long-Term CSS Hack Management
How to keep your solutions to the CSS foibles of different browsers under control over time
Add clickable icons to your links
Use CSS to get pretty pictures as bullets in you lists
Top 10 CSS Tips for Creating and Using Cascading Style Sheets
WebDeveloper.com's Guide to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
CSS2 Generated Content
:before and :after; does not work in IE
Positioning with CSS , Centering with CSS – fixed width , Centering with CSS – liquid width
Beginning CSS – from About
CSS and XSL: When to use which
The w3c says 'Use CSS when you can, use XSL when you must.'
Should you abandon tables for layout?
Almost always and here's why
Why you shouldn’t use in-line CSS with a strict DOCTYPE
Friendlybit.com also has many articles on CSS, HTML and JavaScript,
Including a Beginner’s Guide to CSS, and some simple templates.
CSS, PDFs, LaTeX and PrinceXML
Advanced.
Tutorials and FAQs from AlsaCreations
Good place to start - e.g. sections on tabless layout and on menus
In-line styling in CSS2
By Eric Meyer. Advanced
Case study of how Mozilla used CSS to redesign its DevEdge site
Case study of using CSS and JavaScript to design a menu bar
The CSS Anarchist
Older article on how to use CSS to wreck poorly coded sites and turn off blinking ads

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Links and Resources for CSS - Including Sample Layout Sources and Browser-Specific Hacks

W3C HTML Home Page
w3c.org - can't link to it too often
W3C home page on CSS
Links to articles, tutorials, documentation, roadmaps of what's coming, news, etc.
Another version of this, styled differently, is here.
Learning CSS
Books and articles on learning CSS
W3C Core Styles
8 style sheets on w3c's server which you can link to from your pages.
Many references on CSS
From Web design Group a htmlhelp.com
There is also a link to further references
U. of Minnesota - Duluth organizes everything
This well-organized site has tutorials on CSS, information on (literally) everything from headers to footers and everything in between
They also have links to their sites on JavaScript, XML etc.
CSS & XHTML Bookmarks
An enormous list of galleries of CSS styles, CSS tutorials
(including 10 favorites) and articles.
EchoEcho.com
Many links, including to tutorials, articles and FAQs.
This is another huge list of resources and tools.
While most of this site includes CSS1 and CSS2, some of the links are dated
(e.g. tools developed before Windows XP).
Open Directory - Computers: Data Formats: Style Sheets: CSS
Many links for HTML, XHTML and CSS
WestCiv's links
Links to many articles, tutorials, tools etc.
CSS Pointers
Another large compendium of articles, FAQs, tools, etc. For the Pros.
VisiBone Style Sheet Examples
Examples of style sheets; they all sell crib sheets for codes etc.
More Eric Meyer on CSS
More books and articles by Eric Meyer on CSS
He also has a cutting edge site
Beginning CSS Articles
Links to many CSS tutorials and articles
WDVL: Designing CSS Web Pages
Interesting series of pages on knowing who your audience is etc. and how to design for them. Recommended
WDVL: House Style Sheet
Style sheet for all the WDVL pages
WDVL: Cascading Style Sheets Resources
Various on-line resources
WDVL: Cascading Style Sheets
Links to tutorials, design articles, and resources
CSS links from About.com
Large collection of links to articles (beginning and advanced), validators, tutorials, etc
Worth browsing!
Includes link to CSS2 properties.
Sidebars on CSS etc. for developers
These tools disappeared from Netscape's DevEdge site, and Mozilla has brought them back into its archives
The archives also have their CSS Central
CSS Validator
From w3c
SelectOracle
Tells you what a complex selector does
Site for Eric Meyer, the great guru of CSS
He wrote the books on CSS (or at least two of the best).
You can also subscribe to the CSS-discuss mailing list. (Click on the 'Subscribe' tag.)
CSS Zen Garden
This is the most amazing site of examples of what you can do with CSS.
One page is transformed by over 900 style sheets. (Check the archives.)
These are all done by professional graphic artists – but we can all admire them.
They also have an excellent list of resources.
Daily Fun is similar to Zen Garden – i.e. many stylesheets for one page,
but I like the ZenGarden better.
Another amazing list of CSS resources is at Holy CSS Zeldman!
In addition to many CSS links, there are also links on JavaScript and AJAX.
It seems to be that you can find everything here – tutorials, books, sites,
Galleries at other sites (e.g. CSS Zen Garden, hints, etc.
CSS Princess
Sites about or designed by women.Some are less than fascinating.
CSS Reference table from www.htmlhelp.com
Only CSS1, but a good clear place for a beginner to start
From htmlhelp.com
Other links from that site are available, including CSSCheckup, to check four CSS (1),
A short tutorial on how to link style designations to your html page and
other web authoring tools (some dated – e.g. validate HTML but not XHTML),
and links to specs and FAQs.
www.friendlybit.com
has many articles on CSS, HTML and JavaScript,
including a Beginner's Guide to CSS, and some simple templates .
Advanced CSS Resources
Lots of good information, including properties, a clear explanation of the cascade, and tables on browser support.
You made need toclick thru lots of pages to get to what you want.
CSS Vista
Tool to edit your CSS in IE and Firefox at the same time.
Demo tool is free.
CSS Tools
Links to a variety of CSS tools and galleries
Since 6/06 this has been put on a wiki, with many CSS items tagged.
CSS Documentation and articles
Many topics and useful resources. Covers CSS1 and CSS2.
A trick/tool for debugging CSS
Examples of well-designed sites and CSS Resources
Many classic resources are here - e.g. CSS Zen Garden, w3c, etc. and many template galleries
New York Public Library Style Guide
CSS Pointers Authoring Tools
Also has information about browsers and XSL tools.
Codestyle.org
A site for developers.
Be sure to check out their XHTML page too, as its FAQs include CSS questions.

Sample layouts:

Layouts for 1, 2, 3, or 4 columns using CSS
Over 50 layouts. Choose the number of columns you want, then the partcular layout, and then download the code.
Templates for lists from Max Designs
Builds the layouts step-bt-step, tutorial style
Layouts from Eric Costello at glish.com
A half dozen classic layouts with code, and links to articles
Layout Gala
40 different layouts you can dowload individually or all zipped together.
Also links to articles on using negative margins and other techniques.
Free templates
A dozen elegant designs you can dowload
Simple templates from Friendlybit
Well, maybe not so simple
CSS Layouts
On-going blog about types of layouts, problems and hacks. Not elementary.
A few basic layouts with explanations
From the always elegant CSS Play
Searchable repository of layouts
Fill in form on number of columns you want, if you want a header or not etc. and template is returned.
Very useful
pMachines templates
Half a dozen basic templates. Display un-styled in older browsers
CSS Showcase
Gallery of very professional looking menus, tabs and layouts; also articles
CSS Drive
Reviewed and unreviewed designs. You need to work a bit to ge to the code.

CSS in Different Browsers:

Table showing which browser support which CSS features
Very useful
What browsers support in CSS and how to Displaying Stylesheets Dynamically
What browsers support what features and links on work-arounds for older browsers
Hacks for various browsers and CSS
This enormous list of hacks also has (near the top of the page) links to sites which summarize hacks.
It also lists various specific (recent) hacks with their effects and the browsers they target.
This wiki is maintained by CSS-discuss.
The Box Model Hack
One of the oldest and most famous hacks.
Links to Brain Jar's clear explanation, and others.
IE7 and CSS2
Of course, Microsoft didn't go with the standard immediately.
CSS in Differet Browsers
Long article (current as of 2006) discussing the issue.
No tabular summary, but links to those for current browsers at Webdevout and for 2003 and older browsers at Blooberry
Devout.net
Browser support for CSS and CSS hacks
Fonts commonly found in various browser
Useful chart - so your choices are more likely to not defualt to the browser's choices
Survey of font usage by broswer
Another useful source
See also their summary.
Equivalent fonts for PCs and Macs
Nice chart makes it easy to choose

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JavaScript

JavaScript

Documentation for JavaScript

Mozilla's resources for JavaScript
Not for beginners.
Mozilla's Core JavaScript 1.5 Guide
Description of the language (if you already know it.)
Mozilla's Core JavaScript 1.5 Reference
Contains information about what is implemented in various versions.
Also contains information about LiveConnect, the way to link Java and JavaScript code.
Changes from JavaScript 1.5 to 1.6
Access page for all Mozilla's documentation, forums and articles on JavaScript
The w3c documentation for the DOM
The DOM model
From JavaScript Kit
Reference on JavaScript
From JavaScript Kit
w3c on DOM
Documentation for ECMA (basis for JavaScript)

For older versions of JavaScript

Documentation (Guides and References for 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5)
Documentation for JavaScript 1.3 - 1.5 with information on changes from earlier versions.
Links to both the Guide and the Reference Manual
Date object
Documentation on the date object, including constructors and methods.
From here you may actually reach all the documentation on JS

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Tutorials and Articles for JavaScript

General Tutorials:

HTML Goodies' series of tutorials on JavaScript
First the $#39;Primers' and then the 'Basics' (which go thru AJAX)
Mozilla's “Reintroduction to JavaScript
Friendlier than Mozilla's documentation
Articles on JavaScript
From Mozilla's forums
Javascript tutorial from w3school.com
Always a good place to start
Tutorials and articles from WebReference
Many tutorials from 'JavaScript for non-programmers' to AJAX.(Columns 12-15 inclusive)
Excellent resource; includes links to Mozilla pages just above and other collections.
Be sure to check out the collections and the archives.
Some tutorials older - e.g. JavaScript for Programmers from WDVL
Short Description of JavaScript for students who have programmed in C++ or Java
Older, but very useful and to the point
Tutorials and scripts from JavaScript Weenie;
Intermediate level and useful
Tutorials and references from U. Minn- Duluth
Enormous list of tutorials and articles from the generl to the specific.
Includes some links to book excerpts
Regretably, no description of the links
Tutorials from WebMonkey
Clear but somewhat dated. (Browser detection is now usually not needed.)
Tutorial on Functions and Classes
Other tutorials on this site too.
Tutorials from WebKnowHow
About 20 tutorials, mostly for the beginner
Builder's JavaScript QuickStart Tool
Tutorial
Navigation and JavaScript
Fancy footwork for lists of links
Programmer How-To's
Short introductory tutorials from TUCOWs

Articles on Specific Topics (not advanced)
Focus on forms
The focus() and blur() methods
Local vs. Global Variables
Clearly described; from mredkj.com
Other interesting examples
e.g. to change tables, validate forms, etc.; also from mredjk.com
Special characters, escaping them and Unicode
From Mozilla's Core JavaScript 1.5 Guide
JavaScript Variable Passing
Passing variables between pages in JavaScript
Beginning HTML at HTML Goodies
Tutorial and code (next URL) for creating a ticker tape in JavaScript
Global and Local
Global and local variables - from Tucows; elementary but reliable
JavaScript Source: Free JavaScripts, Tutorials, Example Code, Reference, Resources,
This site has tutorials, public scripts, book reviews, etc.
JavaScript.com - The Definitive JavaScript Resource: JavaScript Tutorials and Free Java Scripts
Tutorials and fancy scripts. Pretty good.
Programmer: JavaScript Intermediate Tutorial: Image Swapping
Tutorial on image swapping with links to related (and less related) topics.
JavaScriptWeenie
An older site with many articles, tutorials, most of which are relevant for older browsers.
Time in JavaScript
Goodies to Go newsletter show you how to set timeouts, etc.

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Articles on Specific Topics (Advanced)
DOM, DHTML, the Event Model, Cookies, etc.

The JavaScript Event Model - advanced
From WebMonkey. Tells you all you could ever want to know (and maybe more) about event handler models.
Although the article is from Jan 2005, there is a lot of time devoted to Netscape Navigator 4 and IE 4 - hopefully for only a little while longer.
Exception Handling in JavaScript
Advanced. Includes information about browser incompatibilities
The w3c documentation for the DOM
What is the DOM?
Clear explanation from Mozilla
Fetching Remote Data (in XML) from a Server with DOM - advanced
Preloading Images with DOM - advanced
Articles on JavaScript from Builder.com - many advanced
Properly using CSS and Scripts with XHTML
With ex amples
The DOM
From DHTML to DOM,
Why you should switch. There is also Part 2
Dynamic Drive DHTML Scripts- Preload Image (with progress bar) Script
Pre-loading images for swapping
Dynamic Drive DHTML(dynamic html) & JavaScript code library!
Huge site with DHTML scripts for dazzling effects
Dynamic Drive DHTML(dynamic html) & JavaScript code library!
DHTML Code Samples, www.getElementById.com, get free DHTML Scripts and DHTML Tutorials
Links to many code warriors and sites on dynamic HTML. Searchable but not organized.
Dynamic HTML...Are You Ready to Step Up to the Plate? Part I
The JavaScritp Event Model - part 1 and part 2
2004 articles from WebMonkey. Stick to the w3c Event Model
Cookies: What they are and how to set them
From the Department of Energy
What Cookies are and how they work
From HowStuffWorks; Be sure to see next page too.
DevGuru tutorials
Very advanced - e.g. interfacing JavaScript with .ASP
Case Study of how Mozilla redisigned its site
Shows both pure CSS and hybrid CSS/JavaScrtp approaches
Older and sophisticated but still worthwhile

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Links and Resources for JavaScript

Debugging

Description of JavaScript debugging tools
For all browsers
Mozilla's tools
Including:
Mozilla site to get Venkman add-on
News and further information
Also, updates on the Venkman project are available.
Using the JavaScript Console
Good introduction from WebMonkey.
Tutorial on Venkman from WebReference
Tutorial on Venkman and list of resources on it
Looks very valuable.
Another tutorial on Venkman
A freeware debugger from Hot Scripts
The Freshmeat debugger
Microsoft's Script Debugger
JavaScript Trace Window (uses GreaseMonkey in Firefox)
JSLint
Looks for problems in JavaScript pages
Check out the documentation first. This is from 2002.

Other - especially sources of scripts
These sites have many useful tools and scripts

SiteExperts.com - Your Community of Site Experts
Another community of web developers
Experts Exchange - another community
Code Library of JavaScript functions from WebMonkey
Dev articles on JavaScript
Enormous compendium of articles, many advanced
Scripts may be found here too, by category.
How to Embed a JavaScript Engine in Your Applications
This is SpiderMonkey and it is available from Mozilla
JavaScript.com
Free scripts - some a bit cutesy; free newsletter
Mozilla's tools
Mozilla has a large amount of information and tools, including the debuggers, etc.
Their DOM Central links to many tutorials, reference guides, demos, tools etc.
(Even the old DOM Sidebar tabs)
Also Sidebars for CSS, JavaScript and XSLT
Mozilla's DOM Inspector
SourceForge Projects on Text Editors
SourceForge material is all open source. FCKEditor is here, for example
BrainJar
This is the site that brought you their DOM viewer; tutorials and tools
. Small but worthwhile
The DOM Viewer
View the DOM of a page with this utility from BrainJar.com
DevGuru Reference
Bore down through the menus to get a clear explanation of various elements of JavaScript
DoJo - Open Source JavaScript toolkit
For web developers - supports animation, AJAX and other high end technologies.
MochKit
Library of functions for working with the DOM and AJAX
There is a Google Group on Mochikit
comp.lang.javascript
Google group still going strong
DynamicDrive
Tools and scripts and links; focus on DHTML
Threads and posts on their forums number in the thousands
Good place to look for answers when nothing else helps
JavaScriptKit
Tools, tutorials, scripts; quite up-to-date, including material on AJAX etc.
JavaScript.internet.com
Large repository of scritps, tutorials, etc. Check out the FAQs first
Links to Web Reference, XML.files, and WDVL (Web Developer's Virtual Library)
Now includes an AJAX tutorial
Scripts.com's JavaScript scripts repository
Enormous repository of JavaScrpts scripts organizaed by type, also searchable.
Scripts are rated by users. Most are free.
DHTMLShock
scripts with a focus on DHTML
Cross-browser
Scripts and articles on cross-broswer JS and DHTML using the DOM
Builder.com articles on JavaScript
Not organized, but is searchable. Many quite advanced
Web Reference on JavaScript
Searchable archive of articles and tutorials from elementary to advanced intermediate
AListApart articles on scripting
Focus is on implementing a smooth professional appearance
Moo.fx for special effects in JavaScript
Graph-it from raw data in JavaScript
Protoype library of JS, including AJAX functions
The overview is a good place to start.
The latest version is also open source
An introduction is also helpful
Protoype Documentation is also available at script.aculo.us
The site for the Moncur JavaScript text.
WebStandards.org
A self-described grass-roots organization trying to advocate for Web standards which ensure accessibility
WebDeveloper
Hosts many forums, including one on JavaScript
Also has a searchable archive of articles on JavaScript which returns too many irrelevant articles
JavaScriptCity
Tutorials, references etc. Appears to be geared toward the novice
Sitepoint has a forum with many useful links, as do the publishers WROX (programmer 2programmer)
and APress,
CodingForum,
and Tek-Tips.
Evolt
Also maintains a list.
Yahoo maintains links to similar sites
and a Developer Network.
My experience is that similar Yahoo lists have a goodly part of the top resources.
The FAQts on JavaScript
Huge site with answers to many JS questions, by subject.
Site does not work in Netscape, but does in Firefox and IE
DevShed
Large collection of articles, scripts for web developers
Selections for Python, PHP etc. are more recent than the few on JavaScript

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CGI and Server-Side Scriptting

General - Including Information on HTTP and TCP/IP

HTTP
Older (1996) but very useful explanation; well organized and probably has all you need to know and then some.
TCP/IP Resources
Great list of FAQs, tutorials, and books. Kept up to date.
Overview of TCP/IP and the Internet
Current description. Starts with the history (OK to skip) but gives all the details you need if you are not a network administrator.
Primer on TCP/IP
Older (1997), but a good place to start
Another older (1998) Primer on Internet technology
Daryl's TCP/IP Primer
Goes deeper than a primer; kept up to date.
Older (1998) course on managing servers
Classic references; good description of client-server model, http, mime types etc.
IANA
Who owns what domain name, which port is what, and what the language abbreviations are
ASPN
Resource for programmers in PERL, PHP, Python, etc. Major site.
HotScripts
Articles on scripts for many languages and technologies - Perl, PHP, Python, JavaScript, XML
WDVL: Table of Contents on Web Programming
Tutorial on server-side programming and sending info from HTML forms. Excellent introduction.
Definitely the place to start
WDVL: Request Headers
What's in an http header
The Problem of Statelessness
Validating user sessions in PHP
Good introduction to the problem of statelessness; php implementation of solutions
Matt's HTTP Cookie Library
And his CGI resource of thousands of CGI scripts - mostly in Perl

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CGI, including Regular Expressions - see also Perl folder

What is CGI?
Elementary introduction
CGI Scripts - Writing and Using CGI
CGI tutorial
The Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
What is CGI?
CGI Tutorial
Good introduction to CGI, environment variables, etc.
Easy introduction to CGI
WDVL: What the heck is server-side scripting anyway?
Excellent introduction to what CGI is and why it's needed.
This is part of the WDVL site on Web Programming
WDVL: Table of Contents
Excellent introductory tutorial on server-side scripting. Includes:
WDVL: The GET Method
        How GET assembles a request, so the HTTP request can be isolated and CGI can isolate the search parameters and their values
WDVL: Problems With the GET Method
WDVL: Request Headers
        What's in an http header
WDVL: Sending Text to the Web Browser
        The content-type line
The Post Method
        Specifying POST and to what CGI script
WDVL: The <Form> Tag and its elements
WDVL: File Upload Widget
        What happens when you click on "submit"
Web Development Primer
Elementary introduction to the technologies you find server-side (ASP, Perl, PHP etc.)
When mailto: doesn't work, such as in I.E. 6+
Presents work-arounds, but it is easier to 'post' or 'get' to a script
You can also find out what used to work
The next set of papers is from About.com's site:
Table of Contents on CGI articles
Using Forms and CGI
      And a sample PERL script to parse the data and send a thank you
Installing a Guestbook
HTML Forms Tutorial - Method, Mailto Forms, and Multiple Pages
GET - About Perl & PHP Glossary
POST - About Perl & PHP Glossary
Reading CGI Data From Perl Scripts
Using GET and POST methods with Perl scripts
Decoding CGI form data in Perl scripts

Free CGIs
About.com: http://www.cgi-resources.com/
      Links to very many CGI, PERL and CGI scripts
CGI Tutorials from HTML Goodies
Very well written tutorials, but maybe dated.
WebKnowHow's Tutorials, articles, scripts and books on CGI
Many (unsorted) links, many to old sites.
Webliography on CGI, Perl, etc.
Great list of links, even though many are to older articles
Gentle Introduction to CGI
Also has many links to books and on-line resources. Updated in 2004
w3c.org Introduction to CGI (older)
Other information from w3c about standards also available.
Form validation - Goodies to Go! Newsletter #290
Validating a form before sending it to a cgi script - mainly to be sure all fields are filled in.
Reminder on how to change permissions on UNIX/LINUX  (chmod)
Tutorial on chmod, in case you've forgotten
There are many sources of tutorials on regular expressions. Although some lean towards one language, regular expressions are pretty much the same from one lanugage to another.
Tutorial on regular expressions
Library of Regular Expressions
Regular expressions in JavaScript
      Has a regular expression finder
Regular expressions tutorial
      From a Python book;rather telegraphic
How to use regular expressions
The Perl 30-minute Regulr Expressions Tutorial
Regex tutorial and its continutation using Perl.
Advanced (Perl) Regex tutorials - Part I and Part 2
      and documentation
PHP and regex tutorial
How to do Regex in Python
Regular-expressions
      Language neutral, but not elementary. Links to books.
Regular expressions and .Net
Regular expressions syntac summary
      Any subtle differences among languages and Unix variants.
Tutorial on Regular Expressions in Perl
       Looks very complete.  From PerlDoc

Documentation on Regular Expressions in Perl
Regular Expressions
      Fast and dirty reminder about regular expressions
      Goes with the above tutorial.
Why learn CGI?
From the people (O'Reilly) who publish a book on the subject - includes kind words about their own (excellent) book
CGI-LIB.pl homepage
Library of CGI scripts in Perl; Also directly accesible at Berkely
Includes documentation, source files, examples, etc.
CGI Library in Perl: documentation
Older version also also avaible
Tutorial on Server-side includes
Older (1995 article, last updated in 2002)but author says basic principles still apply
Links to many resources of Server-side includes
Including tutorials
More links to article and tutorials on server-side includes
CGI articles from HTML Goodies
Includes codes for a guest book and for counters
cg-eye
Diagnostic tool for CGI scripts from WDG
Which Scripting and Programming Languages are People Searching about?
Monthly survey on queries about Perl, PHP, JavaScript, Java etc.

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Perl - see also CGI folder

Downloading PERL - ActivePerl  (free )and mod_perl

You want to write your scripts in Active Perl; mod_perl is the Perl interpreter which comes free with your Apache web server

ActiveState - ActiveState products open source programming languages tools
Download site for ActivePerl
ActivePerl User Guide
In table of contents, look for "Getting Started" to see how run example.pl
Also open it in Notepad
ActivePerl Help - Online Docs : Getting Started
ActivePerl Help - Online Docs : ActivePerl FAQ
ActiveState also has PHP, Python and XSLT products
mod_perl: everything you need to know
Sourceforge.net also has Perl IDEs etc.

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PERL Documentation, Tutorials and Resources

Perl.com: The Source for Perl - perl development, perl conferences
Articles etc for serious PERL programmers from the O'Reilly book folk
CPAN
Where to find MODULES to add many useful functions to your Perl - e.g. the standard module, oraperl (for Oracle databases) etc.
Installing CPAN Modules
About.com's info on building and installing Perl modules
Tutorial on Using Modules
Google groups on Perl
This site includes several very useful groups (se links in upper left): one for Perl beginners, another on Perl modules, and another for miscellaneous Perl questions.
Can not be recommended enough.  Search for key words in the Perl beginners group, for example, and then follow the whole thread (link in the upper right).
Perldoc.com - Perl Documentation
Site for documentation on core Perl
The table of contents for the manual is here too.
There is also a useful cheat sheet on Perl syntax.
CGI and Perl FAQs
In addition to the FAQs, has a great list of books and other resources.
Perl.com is maintained by O'Reilly
It has articles, case studies, and links to documentation and tutorials.
Perl 4 Manual from CMU
CGI Reources
Links to many tutorials, references, soruces of scripts
Picking up Perl
Easy to use reference. More complete than elementary tutorials.
CGI and Perl Tutroial
Another easy place to start, especially if you want all the facts quickly.
HotScripts
Articles on scripts for many languages and technologies - Perl, PHP, Python, JavaScript, XML
learn.perl.org: The site for people learning Perl.
Good listing of current books at all levels
ASPN
Resource for programmers in PERL, PHP, Python, etc. Major site.
ActiveState -
Build a custom installation of Perl and check system requirements - see warning on RedHat Linux v8
Picking up Perl
A free tutorial. Elementary to intermediate.
'The weekend crash course' is available through Books 24x7
e.g. at many university libraries or if you are a memeber of ACM.
Beginning Perl Tutorial
Great place to start. From pageresource
Perl tutorial
Older, but still a good introduction.
http://htmlgoodies.earthweb.com/primers/perl/
Perl primers from HTML Goodies
Tizag Tutorial on Perl
Another fine place to begin learning Perl, even though they think that decimals aren't 'real numbers'.
Has information on interfacing with databases, too, and chomp
Webmonkey tutorials on Perl, CGI, etc.
Google Help Group on Perl etc
Beginners Group on Perl in Google
Excellent resource
Perl Tutorial from Perl.com, the O'Reilly site
DevShed Perl Tutorials, Scripts, etc.
HotScripts
Articles on scripts for many languages and technologies - Perl, PHP, Python, JavaScript, XML
Perl Monks has many tutorials
These range from the elementary to the advanced.
The useful site is very large, and, newbies will find it be easier to start with one of the places above (e.g. from pagereource.com).
Fetching parameters in Perl
or try here.
For tutorials on regular expressions please see the CGI section.
Everything you ever wanted to know about perl's module cgi.pm
From Lincoln Stein, who wrote the cgi module
CGI Module for Perl documentation

New site for this!
About.com reources on Perl
Downloading and installing additional Perl modules
This is the Mother of Perl site - some quite advanced

Database programming with Perl
Perl and MySQL
Interfacing MySQL with Perl
O'Reilly book chapter
Down the Perl/DBI module to interface with MySQL
Perl libraries for www interactions - e.g. HTTP etc.
FreeBSD on accessing a database from Perl
Tutorial on Perl MySQL functions
This is from thscripts.com, where you may also post questions to the developer community for various scripting languages and databases.
Scripts for Perl and RSS
Also Perl tutorials
Parsing XML documents with Perl's XML::Simple
PERL module which has an XML parser (written in PERL)
Tutorial on Using Perl etc. to write software for genome research
Includes such topics as subroutines and @_ and interfacing with databases as well as a good list of books

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Perl Examples, Scripts, Hints

Matt's HTTP Cookie Library
And his CGI resource of thousands of CGI scripts - mostly in Perl
Read me on using archives.
Decoding CGI form data in Perl scripts
Reading CGI Data From Perl Scripts
A Perl script that reads and parses CGI data
Matt's Script Archive, Inc. :: Free Perl CGI Scripts
Links for free scripts
Scripts.com has many Perl, PHP, ASP and JavaScript scripts
Open The Crypt / Joe's Free CGI Scripts From The Crypt / www.getcruising.com
More free scripts
Perl Meets Bio-informatics 
From O'Reilly - perhaps because they've published a book on this topic
Perl Scripts and Modules
From About.com.  Not as complete as CPAN
Scripts for Perl and RSS
Also Perl tutorials
This is the Mother of Perl site - some quite advanced
Template Toolkit for template procesing
Perl and XML
How to embed XML in an HTML Page
To edit all scripts with one line of Perl

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PHP

Implementing Patterns within PHP
PHP -Entry Point - Lesson One
Elementary tutorial on PHP, with some info on pro's and con's; links to to various PHP sites
What can PHP do?
Commentary from the PHP folks
PHP Tutorial
From About - a start
PHP: Introduction - Manual
PHP Tutorial - from its makers
PHP tutorial from w3schools
How to handle forms in PHP
Extract XML document statistics with PHP
Using PHP to extract stats about XML documents.
HTML Goodies: Free HTML, CSS, PHP tutorials and help, images, color codes and more for the web developer
PHP Tutorial
Google help group on PHP installation etc.
Apache guide to installing and configuring PHP with Apache
Zend makes PHP interpreters, etc
The main PHP site
Home site for php, including documentation, download of php processor, and tutorial
Firepages
Large site with downloads for PHP development, forums, etc.
Working with PHP datatypes
Short tutorial
Validating user sessions in PHP
Tips of Debugging in PHP
Implementing Design Patterns in PHP
PHP Projects at SourceForege
DevX Resources and Script in PHP
Well categorized, but many have very few scripts
DevPlug is a PHP Developer's Forum

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Python

Whetting Your Appetite
Python tutorial
What is Python
Also follow the links on the right hand side
More on why Python
From the horse's mouth
Tutorial on Python from Developer.com
How to do regular expressions in Python
Be sure to also check the general references on regular expressions in the CGI section.

And More

ASP Tutorial
from w3schools - usually excellent introduction
ASP Tutorial
from HTML Goodies - usually excellent intro; may be dated
Implement a flexible shopping cart with XML and ASP
DevEdge Netscape Sidebar Tabs
ASPN
Resource for programmers in PERL, PHP, Python, etc. Major site.

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XML, Web Services, and Related Technologies

XML

XML Articles, documentation and tutorials

Documentation

W3C HTML Home Page
XML homepage from the w3c
Includes description of the many working groups and links to them, to various languages specifications and versions, and to many other resources.
XML Schemas
What are the components of an XML Schema
And here they are as a DTD
Chart of Built-In DataTypes
XML Recommendations
Homepage
XML Specs
From w3c.org
XML Namespaces
from w3c.org
Cover Pages: Extensible Markup Language (XML) at OASIS
Important resource - specs, articles at various levels, etc.
DTD's attributes

Tutorials and Articles - Note:  Tutorials on SOAP and WSDL are under the 'Web Services' heading, but information on SAX, DOM, JDOM etc. is here

XML Tutorial from w3schools
Great introductory tutorial.
See also their description of XML syntax
TopXML: XML Tools, XML Articles and XML Learning Tutorials
Many tutorials - XML, SOAP,XSLT, etc and also links to XML parsers. Great site.
Another very basic tutorial
So you don't get scared away.
Good basic tutorial from WDVL
More in-depth than some of the other elementary tutorials, but doesn't get to schemas
Links to very many tutorials
From IBM, Microsoft, etc. at various levels and on sub-topics (e.g. security). A great resource
Wonderful set of links to tools, tutorials, and many resources for XML
Also has info on links to databases and server-side uses of XML
Tutorials on everything from HTML to XML
Some in many languages (e.g. Czech)
XML.com: XML From the Inside Out -- XML development, XML resources, XML specifications
What is XML?From HTMLGoodies.com
XML Terms
What the basic terms mean
Tutorials on XML from About.com
Very basic
XML and DOM
Usual excellent introduction from w3schools.com
XML Namespaces
Introductory tutorial from the About.com site
There are gazillions of other free tutorials on-line thru a Google search
XML Schema Primer from w3.org --
Very good, especially if you know a little bit. Three pieces:
PrimerStructures  and DataTypes   
TECFA’s huge set of links on XML
Enormous and very useful set of links on validators and parsers, XML, XSL etc, tutorials and news about XML languages.
XFront has links to many great tutorials -
including ones on XML SchemaCanonical XML, Best Practices etc. and also XSDs for all countries, all currencies, etc.  Great source! This is from Roger Costello (one of the authors of the w3c.org Primer) and is a great resource.
Tutorial from Roger Costello on Best Practices for XML Schema
Another link to the same tutorial
Cover Pages: Extensible Markup Language (XML) at OASIS
Important resource - specs, articles at various levels, etc.
Tutorials from the ACM
There are several
The next group of tutorials is from IBM:
Tutorial on understanding SAX
Tutorial on DOM
Manipulating XML in Java (see also a search for JDOM) Tutorial looks at SAX, DOM, JDOM and JAXP
More tutorials from IBM Many are quite advanced
Betwixt
Introspection for XML data to map it to Java Beans; from Jakarta Commons. Advanced.
Reading and Writing XML in .Net
.NET and XML: XSD Schemas
Tutorial on schemas

Other resources

The w3c has links to all its working groups
For example, the Schema Working Group homepage
You can also find new Technical Reportss by date, title, etc.
xml.apache.org
Link to Xerces parser, implementations of XSL, etc.
A very important site
XML Developer Center Home
Microsoft's XML developer center, including articles, from intro to high level, and links
Open Source Web Development - Dev Shed
Articles on XHTML,CSS, XML, Perl, etc.
Developer.com articles on XML and related technologies
Current and clear articles
Links from Moller and Schwartzbach book
Useful links for everything to do with XML and Web Technologies, tho' it looks like most are not for newbies
XML Rich Client Technology Strengthens Java - Computerworld
More jargon than light
JARS Automatic Resource Listing
Java class to automate the encoding of properties from Java into XML
.NET and XML: XSD Schemas
Tutorial on schemas
Everything you always wanted to know about SAX (and XmlReader)
When to use SAX and when to use DOM
Application Design: Use DOM to create data-driven HTML documents
Using DOM to get conditional XML
XML Namespaces
Namespaces and how to avoid naming conflicts
XML.com:XML From the Inside Out -- XML development, XML resources, XML specifications
O'Reilly's XML site - many links
JARS Automatic Resource Listing
Class to encode from Java to XML 
Java and JDOM tutorial
Database Configuration, the XML Alternative
Configuring / designing your database with XML
XML-Dev
An open unmoderated discussion list on development of various XML languages;
Now managed by OASIS.  For the knowledgeable.
The Cover Pages
Important collection of on-line reference material on SGML/XML languages and various standards, now hosted by OASIS
You may want to start at About XML Cover Pages

Site is for the knowledgeable (except possibly the news stories on front page).
TECFA's huge set of links on XML
Enormous and very useful set of links on validators and parsers, XML, XSL etc, and, tutorials and news about XML languages.
Perl and XML
How to embed XML in an HTML Page
XML Tools
Long and wonderful list from w3.org
Free XML Tools
By platform, or vendor or name etc.
Alphaworks is IBM's site
This is the link for xml; many links to subtopics and tutorial on newer technologies (e.g. AJAX)
Summary of schema topics
XML takes over the user interface
With, we hope better solutions to accessibility issues
XML as architecture
Interesting view of the ubiquity and power of XML
XML and Java and the Document Object Model
This IBM site has many links to tutorials, information and documentation on using Java to manipulate XML files, etc.  Very valuable.
XML and DOM
Usual excellent introduction from w3school.com
Zvon tutorials on many XML related topics
Tutorials on XML, Schemas, Namespaces, XPath and XSLT, RDF, XInclude, XUL etc.
Tutorial on understanding SAX
From IBM
DevGuru tutorials
Tutorials tend to be oriented towards using Microsoft technology rather thans standards based
XML meets JavaScript in Firefox
Series of articles on using JavaScript to maninpulate XML; many Firefox1.5 issues
Tutorial on DOM
From IBM
Manipulating XML in Java (see also a search for JDOM)
Tutorial looks at SAX, DOM, JDOM and JAXP
XML files tend to get very large
Which can cause problems – which some companies have worked on
See also Business Communications Review and ZDNet on this topic
Microsoft's DOM validator from XML
Courtesy of w3schools.
  Checklist for well-formed XML
XML Canonical Form
Canonical form standardizes possible equivalent renditions of XML to one (canonical) form; this is important for checking digital signatures, etc.
In addition to the subject in the title, there is a link to Ogbuji's Thinking XML columns on IBM’s developerWorks site.
Canonical XML
Very clear tutorial from Roger Costello at xfront.com
Xforms Working Draft from w3c.org
More powerful handling of data and events than with HTML forms
See also their XForms for HTML AUthors
XForms tutorial from w3schools
Will XForms Matter?
Fight over XForms clouds future of Net
See also links on XUL at Mozilla.org and on Flash MX in the Miscellaneous section below
w3c addresses addressing in XML


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XML discusses XHTML

XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition)
Discussion of XHTML1.0 as a re-formulation of HTML
XHTML Frequently Answered Questions
FAQs about why bother going to XHTML
XHTML 1.1 - Module-based XHTML
XHTML1.1 which is now a strict reformulation of HTML in XML
XHTML Modularization Overview
DTDs for XHTML
See how HTML (XHTML) is formulated in an XML DTD
There are several DTDs (depending on the version of XHTML you want 
XHTML tag index
See also the section on XHTML

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XMLSpy and Other Parsers

Download Trial Edition of XMLSpy Tools
XMLSpy is a wonderful tool, and you may try their tools for 30 days free.
Altova also makes tools for XSL (Stylevision) and for RDF editing (Semantic Works) .
There are free academic licenses available, and there is excellent documentation and a brief tutorial.
xml.apache.org
Link to Xerces parser, implementations of XSL, etc. at Apache
A very important site
Xerces Java Parser Readme
Xerces is the free XML parser from Apache; because standards keep evolving you should be sure to see what is now supported.
TopXML: Learn about XML Parsers
XML parsers including Microsoft's
more on Microsoft's
Other Parsers
with links and brief descriptions for many XML parsers.
StylusStudio offers a free trial of their parser
Like Altova (XMLSpy) they also have XL and XQuirey engines, etc.
JXMLPad - ZDNet Downloads
Module (in Java) to edit XML and XHTML
JARS Automatic Resource Listing
XML/XSLT editor (java based)
Parsing XML documents with Perl's XML::Simple
PERL module which has an XML parser (written in PERL)
Scholarly Validator
Free on-line validator from Brown University for small files
Simple parser at w3schools
Parser Validator in Perl from SourceForge site
Parser in PHP
This parser does not validate; php.,net also has tools to create your own parser.
Many XML Tools
ZDNet has a listing of many XML tools for Windows, often with free trials.
css.nu maintains a list of validating browsers
XSmiles is an XML borwserfor exotic devices
StAX, an alternative to SAX for Java programmers

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XSL / XSLT including XPath

XSL/XSLT and XPath - Articles, documentation and tutorials

Why both CSS and XSL - which should I use?
From w3c - who brought you both standards
When to use CSS (whenever you can) and when to us XSL (when you must)
XSL from the w3c
What are the components of XSL (XSLT, XPath, etc.)?
Very useful page with many good links
Introduction and Overview of XSL is also helpful
Of course, there are XSL Specs
XSL Transformations (XSLT)
w3.org documentation on XSLT
Web Style Sheets
w3c on style sheets - CSS and XSL
The Extensible Stylesheet Language Family (XSL)
Links to specs, tutorials, and articles on XSL, XSLT etc.
XSLT client-side
Simple introduction, but you'll need the www.w3schools.com or other tutorial to go further
Tizag tutorial on XSLT (and earlier one on XPath
Like the w3schools tutorials, this is a gentle introduction.
Cient-side XSLT: Not just for server geeks any more
Good introduction
How to translform XML into XHTML
XSL Homepage of w3c
Including links to XPath, XQuery, XSLT, XSL-FO etc.
There is a large list of links to specs on all these languages, mailing lists, and software.
A great starting place for these technologies.
You can also find links to examples of XSL style sheets (e.g. at TopXML)
Style Activity Statement Gives status of various projects on style sheets - including CSS and XSL
XSL - Computerworld
What XSL is and why you should use it. Good start.
Sidebar: Additional resources about XSL - Computerworld
Books and links on XSLT
Spinning Your Code with XSLT and JSF in Cocoon
Using XSLT with Java Beans etc. Advanced.
Multi-part tutorial: Discover the Wonders of XSLT
Part 1 -XSLT Good introduction to XSLT itself
Part 2: XPath
Part 3 of 3: Advanced Techniques: Tests and advanced techniques
Part 4: XSLT Quirks
Part 5: Workflows and multiple documents
Understanding the XPath Data Model
XPath data model and how it works, with links to info on infosets. Not for beginners
XPath and XSL tutorials
From w3schools.org  I think this is one of the clearest of the introductory tutorials.
Tizag also has clear introductory tutorials on XPath and XSLT
Learning XSLT has implications for CSS
Tutorial; main interest is using CSS to style XML in browsers
Tutorial on XSLT 2.0
Norman Walsh has also posted related tuorials on XPath etc.
XPath tutorial with links to examples on the left side. From Zvon
XPath Tutorial From TopXML
Several XSLT Tutorials
Their home page also has links to books and other resources for XSL and CSS.
Mozilla maintains a lot of information on XPath and XSL
What's New in XPath 2.0?
The primary purpose of XPath is to address parts of an XML document. XPath uses a compact, non-XML syntax to facilitate use of XPath within URIs and XML attribute values. XPath gets its name from its use of a path notation as in URLs for navigating through the hierarchical structure of an XML document.
Java JAXP, Writing Java Code to Emulate an XSLT Transformation
Emulating XSLT transformations in Java
XSLT and Java Server Faces
Introduction to XPath
.NET and XML: XPath Queries Tutorial
About.com tutorial on XSLT
Also has tutorial on ASP
Facilitating Teamwork with XML and XSL
XSL-FO - Extensible Stylesheet Language Formatting Objects
NOTE: XSL-FO is the old name for XSLT
XSL-FO for formatting objects
Using FO with Java tutorial
Introduction to XSL - XSL, XSLT, XPath, and XSL Formatting Objects
Introduction to XSL
Many examples of XML, XSL, VML and related technologies
Java and XSLT

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Tools and implementations of XSLT

Contemporary browsers all implement XSL for rending documents in a browser.
These links are for more general implementations of XSL.
XT
Free implementation of XSLT written in java
JARS Automatic Resource Listing
XML/XSLT editor (java based)
How to transform XML into XHTML
Stylus Studio sells a full line of tools for XML, XSLT, etc.
Many XML Tools
ZDNet has a listing of many XML tools for Windows, often with free trials.
XMLSpy includes an XSLT engine
Microsoft tool to create XSLTs to go from their WordProcessingML to their OpenXML form

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Specific extended MLs - MathML etc and also RDF and RSS

Note: This is XML and security first, then RDF and RSS, XML and Databases, then MathML and Amaya, XML in the financial services industry and then miscellaneous.
The Semantic Web, Web 2.0, AJAX, mashups etc. are in their own section.

XML Security and Encrpytion

Trusting and verifying
Which comes first
w3c has many resources
WS-Security is the specification for web services security
This is from OASIS
XAMCL stands for eXtensible Access Mark-up Control Language
This is Sun's implementation and programmer's guide
On-going news on Sun's implementation of XAMCL
SAML is one standard for secure web services
From w3.org, of course.
SAML stands for Security Assertion Mark-up Language
Security with SAML and XACML
This area is still changing – suggest you search the w3.org site for these two extensions.
Encryption working group at w3.org
XML Encryption Added to Apache Project
Security issues and XML
Requires free login at ZDNet

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RDF - or Resource Description Framework - is a resource for describing catalogs

RDF Primer from w3.org
RDF Spec from w3.org
RDF is of interest to librarians, etc.
RDF Validator from w3c.org
Mozilla site on RDF
And some examples
What is RDF?
From O'Reilly site XML.com
Zvon tutorials on many XML related topics
Tutorials on XML, Schemas, Namespaces, XPath and XSLT, RDF, XInclude, XUL etc.
Relational databases on the semantic web and RDF
See also Tim Berners-Lee paper which started this subject

RSS - or Really Simple Syndication -  is how an XML feed is used to update news and blogs continuously.

What is RSS?

From O'Reilly - good casual introduction; includes a sample to get you started
What is RSS?
From webreference.com - lots of information
An introduction to RSS
RSS Syndication and Aggregation
Web references on RSS
RSS - Using XML to feed info on sites to subscribers
RSS monitors (new) content on sites and feeds it to subscribers. May also be used for on-going education.
Making headlines with RSS
Many scripts including for RSS
Scripts for Perl and RSS
Mother of Perl site
Exploring RSS and XML in Flash
RSS Feed for site listing free xml tools
And DTD for the above
RSS Enclosure exposure or pod-casting
An audio RSS feed
How to create your own RSS news feed
From w3.org, but with a quick 'cheat sheet' on how to do it
IBM maintains a site called alphaworks
This site provides current information about RSS and other new technologies
Mozilla site on RSS
All the following information on RSS is from one of my students:
Scripting news – by Dave Winer; Winer designed this format at Userland and uses it in his blog
The history of RSS
RSS 2.0 Spec
How to set up a RSS channel
Using RSS 0.9
Clear explanation, tho’ RSS 2.0 is current spec
RSS Aggregators  / readers
Full list at http://blogspace.com/rss/readers
Mac OS X: NetNewsWire (http://ranchero.com/netnewswire/)
Windows: SharpReader (http://www.sharpreader.net)
Linux: Straw (http://www.nongnu.org/straw)
Web: Bloglines (http://www.bloglines.com)
RSS Validators:
     FeedValidator.org (http://feedvalidator.org/)
     UserLand's validator (for 0.9x only) (http://rss.scripting.com/
Selected Sites with RSS Feeds:
     British Broadcasting Corporation (http://news.bbc.co.uk/shared/bsp/hi/services/htmlsyndication/html/default.stm)
     DevX (http://www.devx.com/DevX/Article/16190)
     LiveJournal Syndicated Feeds (http://www.livejournal.com/syn/list.bml)
     United States Department of Defense (http://www.dod.gov/news/rss/)
     WebReference.com (http://www.webreference.com/services/news/)
     For a more exhaustive list, go to the RSS Compendium (http://allrss.com/rssfeeds.html)
      IBM’s RSS feed on weather
Quick Start on RSS
Requires free registration, but worth it
RSS Tutorial fromContent Publishers and Webmaster
Gentle introduction with links to more advanced information
RSS Workshop from U. of Utah
Links to places to learn how t create your own feed in the language of your choice; lots of examples
WebKnowHow articles on RSS
Introductory
O'Reilly has articles on RSS
Also check out their tutorials which are less basic than the ones above
Support for CSS poor in most RSS readers (7/06)
Building a Generic RSS Class in PHP
Requires some knowledge of MySQL and PHP,/dd>
Working with RSS and Oracle JDeveloper
If you prefer Oracle and Java
Expand RSS capabilities with RSS extensions<.a>

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XML and Databases, including XQuery; Please also see RDF

XQuery for database querying at w3c.org
This is now the standard.
XQuery Tutorial from w3schools.com
What is XQuery?
Introduction at O'Reilly site xml.com
XQuery tutorial
Slides that are now part of book An Introduction to XML and Realted Technologies by Moller and Schwartzbach
An Introduction to XQuery
A look at the w3c schema with many links to other resources
Using XML with Databases Tutorial
SQLX.org is devoted to SQL and XML working together
Because SQL is an ISO standard its specs are copyrighted; a copy may be bought through SQLX/
XML Programming with SQL and XML
Excellent and comprehensive article
XViews for implementing Views on XML databases
This is an IBM research paper, not a w3c standard.
The web standard has moved to RDF (see above) and the Data Access Language (next item).
The Data Access Working Group has developed an RDF query language to be interoperable with SQL
It is also working on issues of querying on the semantic web
Relational Databases on the Semantic Web
Does RDF implement E-R? by Tim Berners-Lee
Integrating web services with SQL Server
Also using the SQLXML classes
XML and DB2
And more on this and IBM's SOA plans
XMLSpy includes an XQuery engine
Oracle's site has many articles on XML and databases
Example: Oracle version of XQuery and Using XQurey with XSL

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MathML and Amaya

MathML
Home page at w3.org
Includes a complete description of MathML
Amaya Home Page
Web authoring tool which includes support for MathML
MathML in Mozilla
A rich resource, including transling from TEX, SOAP interfaces, etc.

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Financial Service Industry

XML in the Financial Services Industry
A good introduction to eBXML, XBRL, FIXML, MDDL, FpML, and assorted standards groups for this industry
InfoWorld: XBRL: A case study in complexity:
How BusinessReportingML became too complex to work - good case study in design
ebXML: Introducing the Vision
What is eBXML? (hint: e is electronic and B is for Business) Follow links at bottom for series of articles - for whole series of articles
XBRL to Sharpen Banks' Biz Reports
XBRL (eXtended Business Reporting Language) must be used by banks and other public companies (per Sarbanes-Oxley Law) to consolidate units when they report their financial results; will also migrate to internal reports.
XML Variant to Ease Financial Reporting
How XMRL will help
Sarbanes-Oxley: Road to Compliance
What's involved in compliance for Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) from an IT point of view
SOX compliance is a big topic.
Resilient: Making processes into objects - News - ZDNet
BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) for the non-techie
InfoWorld: Is BPEL the real deal?:
July 02, 2004: By Phillip J. Windley : APPLICATION_DEVELOPMENT : APPLICATIONS : WEB_SERVICES
An introduction to ebXML
The interaction of eBXML and Web Services
UBL, or Universal Business Language
Uses XML to define a vocabulary for common business forms, such as purchase orders etc.
It is also designed to work with eBXML

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Miscellaneous: VoiceML, XUL, WML (wireless), Semantic Web etc.

XML Technolgies
Short descriptin of the main ones
MetaMap of All the XML Technolgies
A wonderful map of how these are all related and what the acronyms mean
The Mark-up Languages
Description of what is around (as of August 2005) including less widely used ones
Add XML functionality to your Flash movies
FlashXML
A markup language for designing GUIs
XUL is Mozilla's Language for designing user interfaces and widgets.
Tutorial on creating application with Mozilla
Includes chapter on XUL
Links to books on VoiceXML etc.
WDVL.com
Introduction to WML from About.com
WML is Wireless Mark-up Language
Wireless Web Initaitive at w3c.org
Mastering Wireless Programming: First Steps in C++ or C#
Microsoft’s XML Visio Schemas
TimeML is a markup language for temporal events
XInclude
An evolving specification for including &merging XML documents
Not surprisingly it works only with schemas (no DTDs)
Here is a brief introduction
Zvon tutorials on many XML related topics
Tutorials on XML, Schemas, Namespaces, XPath and XSLT, RDF, XInclude, XUL etc.
Primer on OpenXML (Microsoft) and Open Document Format (everone else)
OpenXML for Open documents format - vs. Microsoft (3/06)
OpenXML gaining (4/06... especially after acceptance by ECMA
ODF (Open Docment Format) is accepted by OASIS and supported by IBM
Translator to go between Microsoft’s OpenXML and Open Document Format (ODF) (7/06)
Microsoft’s plug-in for conversions from Office To OpenXML (7/06)
Google behind ODF; You should also check out Massachusetts’s push for ODF.
Many XML Tools
ZDNet has a listing of many XML tools for Windows, often with free trials.

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Web Services

Web Services - general information; what is SOA, etc.

Please note that many links related to web services - e.g. security, mobile web, etc. are in section directly above.
Choreography and BPEL are in this section.

Web Services - general information; what is SOA, etc.

Overview of Web Services
A brief overview; not much detail; links to implementing web services with Java on Linux
What are web services?
The 'home' links to many articles about web services
Client and server terms defined
Web Service Demos from Mindreef.net.
Fun to try.
w3c.org definition of a web service
This is in their document on web service architecture.
MetaMap of how the different technologies are related
May be more useful after you know a little about the area, and then invaluable
There is also an information page.
Relationship of Web Service's Major Components
Simpler than the MetaMap; good place to start, then go to MetaMap
This site also has an excellent glossary
What is a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)?  What are Web Services?
Very good introduction to SOA, for those who already know the lingo.  8 pages!
SOA (without web services) in plain language
The difference between SOA and Web Services'
InfoWorld: Web services alphabet soup: Application Development
Web services alphabet soup - and modularity
The Web Services Family Tree
From XHTML to AJAX
Understanding Service-Oriented Architecture
Great introduction (actually a book chapter). 'Composition' has the same meaning as composition of functions in math - i.e. one followed by another
Web Services Explained
Another book excerpt, slightly less detailed than the previous one
Web Services Architecture
Although this claims to describe only IBM's architecture, it is a good description of all the web service architectures.
Web Services Architecture
Description of basic and more complex web services stacks; covers major vendors: Sun, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, HP, BEA and Borland
Web Services Essentials
From Sun, this emphasizes a role for Java. Of course, designed to be platform neutral, web service may be implemented in other languages, too.
Introduction to Web Services
Very clear, but basic. From Altova, creators of XMLSpy. Starts general and then moves to their tool
Service Oriented Architecture: How and Why
Arguments of for IT managers and why SOA is the way to go. Good survey
New Rules Govern the SOA Lifecycle
As Ye SOA So Shall Ye Reap
Humorous story
Fuzzy boundaries: Objects, Components and Web Services
Which to use when; further discussion with authors
Web Services Hurdles
Including security and reliability
Also cultural changes and peoples' customs
Quality control issues
No warranties, or QoS issues
Securty issues, which OASIS has several initaitves on
Performance issues as files get larger and larger
The Rise and Fall of CORBA
What we can learn from CORBA, one of the ancestors of web services
The Top 5 Myths about SOA
Capitalizing on SOA
Good discussion of SOA patterns, philosophy, pros and cons
TestingQuality in an SOA
The Value of SOA and Part II
Close the loop:Using SOA to automate human interaction
With specific detailed example
White Papers from Ziff Davis
Including on ROI, strategies for success, costs and benefits, how to adopt etc.
Four Steps to SOA
SOA FAQs
Free registration at MC PRess On-line required
Building SOA Your Way
Making it work for you; case studies
Finding Your Way to SOA
Sun introduction in either a business or technical version
SOA: Integrating Applications
Case studies of who did what and how much they saved

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Web Services: Documentation

Please note that standards in this area are issued by both W3C (for XML and many of its extensions, SOAP, WSDL) and OASIS (for UDDI and eBXML, WS_Trust, etc.) and sometimes jointly. WS-I is also starting to develop standards. There is overlap in their membership, too.

XML Protocols Matrix
Who is in charge of what protocol
Web Services Architecture from w3c.org
Web Services Addressing Standards: Core
And SOAP Binding
Explanation of what the addressing standard do
Standards to Improve Performance released Feb 2005
Another discussion of same release
Web Services Polcies
w3c compares their version with that from IBM and Microsoft
Includes discussion of how to specify Quality of Service (QoS)
Table of all policy groups and standards on web services at w3c.org
WS-I is also working on standards
WS-I is Web Services Interoperability Organization, a consortium of major software provides such as IBM, SAP, Microsoft
. It is interested in asynchronous messaging
OASIS is working on standards for SOA protocols
They have issued standards on UDDI, reliability, security, transactions, and eBXML
They develop the UDDI Specs
They also have three security related standards: for exchanging secuirty related information (with SAML), for secure web services and for secure exchange of multiple messages
OASIS also codifies the specifications for Web Service Management (WSDM), which includes both Mangement of Web Services (MOWS) and Management Using Web Servises (MUWS).
The WSDM homepage links (near the bottom) to primers on both MOWS and MUWS.
Web Service Modeling Ontlology and the Semantic Annotations for WSDL Working Group
are developing standards for semantic web servcies
Links to SOAP, Web Services and related specifications
Unfortunately last updated in 9/05

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Web Services: Articles and Tutorials

General or multi-topic

Web Services Primer
Excellent place to start; from O'Reilly and XML.com; many links at bottom of article
Web Services Architecture
Although this claims to describe only IBM's architecture, it is a good description of all the web service architectures.
This is a very general article; if you want more information at this level, please look in the section on Web Services - general information.
Web Services tutorial from w3schools
After this tutorial, go to their tutorials on SOAP and WSDL
SOAP tutorials
About 20 different tutorials with brief comments. Older with some broken links
Try A Busy Developer's Guide to SOAP 1.1
Web Services
Columns 96 to 106 (each of which is multi-page) includes coverage of calling web services from IE and of writing DTDs for XML.
MetaMap of how the different technologies are related
May be more useful after you know a little about the area, and then invaluable
There is also an information page.
xmethod.com tutorials on many tools to implement web services
Web Services
Large collection of articles on Web Services at MSDN. Everything from Web Services Basics to very advanced. For example, start with the XML Web Services Basics or the non- technical See What Web Services Can Do for You and move on to articels on security, problems with SOAP encoding, etc.
Special Issue of CACM on 'Services Science', which includes Web Services: vol. 49, July 2006.
Issue has many articles, including Introduction, Research Manifesto, Understanding Service Sector Innovation, Algorithmic Decomposition of Services, and What we can learn from CORBA, one of the ancestors of web services
Design of Web Services
Thought provoking tutorial from Roger Costello. Costello posts many excellent tutorials here, too.
Web Services: a B2B demonstration
Complete sophisticated example
XML-RPC tutorials for many platforms
See also their homepage; RPC (Remote Procedure Call) is ancestor of SOAP and many SOAP messages imitate this process.
Combine Polymorphism with Web Services
Understand Web Services Reliable Messaging
Google Direcotry on Web Services and SOAP
Securing Web Services the Low-Tech Way
Web Services Using JavaScript and .NET
Developing Web Services with Borland JBuilder and BEA Web Server
Develop Web Services Using JSF Web service tools in Rational Application Developer

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SOAP
Be sure to look in the sections on general information and tutorials first; this section has examples and language-dependent information.

SOAP Primer from w3c
SOAP tutorial from w3schools
Understanding Web Services: Part I SOAP
You need an IBM password for this, so it is good for academic use and those who use IBM products.
Archives of SOAP at Discuss.Develop.com
Discussion list for problems implementing SOAP applications. Searchable
Understanding SOAP
From MSDN. Excellent article for those with some familiarity from more basic entries.
Brief SOAP Primer from above list
Full list of SOAP1.1 Implementations
What is in an HTTP header
Useful reminder as SOAP messages are transported with HTTP
Web Service Demos from Mindreef.net.
You can see the SOAP messages by clicking the Invoke tab and then the Edit/Preview button
AMQP:Advanced Message Queueing Protocol
From Cisco, RedHat, et al; to interoperate with SOAP and other messaging protocols. Sty tuned
Perl
SOAP examples from soaprpc.com
SOAP::Lite for Perl
Includes an excellent Quick Start Guide, which may also be found at O-Reilly's Perl.com site. The O-Reilly version links also to more complicated examples
SOAPLite maintains its own site, with a cookbook
Much of this duplicates the site above, but this one is easier to navigate and includes news.
Client-side SOAP from soapuser.com
Also links to table of SOAP packages for UNIX and Windows and information on server-side SOAP.Good tutorials.
Archives of SOAP at Discuss.Develop.com
Discussion list for problems implementing SOAP applications. Searchable
PHP
Zend offers a SOAP implementation with PHP Extension
Devzone at Zend has examples and articles on using PHP and SOAP messaging and AJAX
New articles and tutorials are in the news section.
Also more advanced articles, such as on PHP SOAP extension
Tutorial on Web Services and PHP
NuSOAP, older and now less common, implements SOAP in PHP without PHP extensions
Download NuSOAP at SourceForge.org
Beginner tutorials from NuSOAP originally from Zend
Links to more information on NuSOAP by its creator, Dietrich Ayala
eZ is another open source SOAP implementation for PHP users
PEAR offers other modules for web services, some of which are described by Builder.com
Java
Java and XML: SOAP
Excellent discussion of SOAP and RPC; first half of multi-page book excerpt is general and second half is Java-specific.
Java classes to create the SOAP API
Package from Sun
The Sun ONE Studio 4 tutorial also has a fully worked web services example.
Writing a Handler Class to Process (SOAP)Messages
Water
Water is a language designed for rapid protoyping of web services.
Some people are using it for teaching as it is designed to have a short learning curve.
Apache web server
Writing a SOAP client for Apache
The xmethod site also includes a guide to installing Apache SOAP and examples of SOAP services with their WSDL descriptions.
See also Introducing Axis2
Axis2 is the web service framework from Apache. A search at this site will lead you to many articles about Axis2, including Building a non-Java web service on Axis2. These articles explain some fairly sophisticated and complicated examples.
Apache has many web service projects, including SOAP, XML-RPC, and Axis
Apache site for SOAP
Microsoft platform ( as your platform)
SOAP: Platform-Independent Server Communication from 4GuysFromRolla
SOAP from IE
A Young Person's Guide to SOAP
What SOAP is and how it is better than CORBAS and DCOM
Microsoft's .NET SDK
This replaces Microsoft's SOAP Toolkit 3.0, officially retired in3/05 and on extended support until 3/08; Also see How to Migrate to the .Net Framework

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WSDL

Introducing WSDL
Tutorial from Altova; first few slides are general and then moves to using XMLSpy to create WSDL documents.
WSDL Tutorial from w3schools
This is the most detailed of the 3 basic introductions listed here.
Writing WSDL Short, basic and clear
Understanding WSDL
Excellent detailed explanation from MSDN. Easier if you read one of the previous entries first. From Aaron Skonnard, one of the authors of the book Essential XML
XMethods lists many webservices available publicly for demos and examination.
It is helpful to work through several. Highlighted links allow you to examine the WSDL entry and try it.(See also the full list of these services.)
For example, Weather - Temperature is an easy place to start. .(Cape Clear offers a more complex global version of this.)
US Yellow Pages , with its WSDL entry, is more complicated as it provides several web services in one WSDL.
Web Service Demos from Mindreef.net.
You can see the WSDL by clicking on the Analyze tab.
WSDL Editors
Article is from 12/02, but many of these (e.g. XMLSpy from Altova and the one from Cape Clear) are still popular. Tools from are more recent.

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UDDI

UDDI4J IBM's open source implememntation for UDDI with Java interfaces
IBM, Microfot SAP had problems implemmenting UDDI 12/05
UDDI-based models of eCommerce
First read An Introduction to eBusiness with eBXML and web services and eBXML:the vision

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Choreography, BPEL and REST

w3c Group on Choreography
Choreography refers to sequences of web services interactions
There is a Overview of the Choreography Model
and a Requirements document,
Choreography Description Language and a Primer for it.
Understanding ebXML, UDDI, XML/EDI
eBXML and BPEL and modeling business processes
SOAP vs eBXML for complex transacations
W3C Inks Key Web Services Language
To coordinate a series of services - WS-CDL and also see about BPEL
Language may be used to describe peer-to-peer interactions
Web Services Choreography Description Language  (WS_CDL)
Working draft of language spec from w3.org
Orchestration of Rule-Based Web Services
Web Services Integration Patterns
and more patterns
Reconciling Web Services with REST
REST and the Rest of the World, which follows a description of REST
REST Tutorial from Roger Costello


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Web Services: Other Resources

Organizations
W3C
Links on topics such as web services, WSDL, XML, WS-CDL, etc.
OASIS and its subsidiary XML.org
Also The Cover Pages cover news.
ACM Portal
WS-I - open-source organization to promote web services interoperability
Standards, articles and news
WebServices.org
Group of about a dozen providers of enterprise-level software for web services, of which the most notable are CA and Systinet. Lots of news about who signed what deal, but most of the useful information is restricted to members of those companies.
Open Source
Apache Software Foundation
Soucre for Apache server, Tomcat java servlet server, Xerces XML parser and many other packages
Apache web services projects include Axis for SOAP and many others
Sourceforge.net
Major source for over 100,000 open source projects in anormous range of categories
Search for web services and specfic language or environment
Eclipse
Has an entire section on web tools; known primarily for Java IDE, now also offering a PHP IDE and web services tools
IBM runs a number of open source projects, and makes others available on academic license
w3c open source tools
Open Source Web Services Tools in Java
DevShed open source tools
Sources for good articles
Please also check the tools for many topics for a list of newsletters
Mangement of performance of web applications
IBM's alphaworks
Many excellent articles, some very sophisticated, and also RSS feeds on XML, webservices, etc.
IBM's Developer Works
The Web Services and SOA site has many excellent tutorials, articles and technical forecasts, all of high quality. A few of the longer tutorials require an IBM password.
XML.com from 'Reilly
Organized site with entries ranging from blogs to book excerpts. High quality.
O'Reilly also owns Safari on-line books (also available through the ACM if you are a member)
Web Services Architect
Magazine with some news, high quality downloadable articles, links to books and other resources
MSDN or Microsoft Developer Network
General articles and links to their magazine, as well as tutorials on their own products. High quality, but not as many current articles as the IBM sites
Sun Developer Network
Mostly focused on Java and on Sun developer kits, though some more general articles
Google Directory on Web Services
More focused than a straight search; more specifically: FAQs, tutorials, etc.on SOAP, on web services, on SOA architecture
XMethods.net
Many tutorials (for various platforms) and articles
XFront
Tutorials and articles from Roger Costello
Mozilla and Web Services
Many articles, including on how to access web services in mozilla agents.
Also check their project page as many projects are related to XML technologies
SOA Systems focus on web service standards and on SOA
Links to SOA Magazine and other resources.
Also useful glossary
SOAPRPC
News, many links to articles and other resources
Developer.com (Earthweb)
Many seful articles; this links to their web services section
Primarily news
SearchWebServices is primarily news, but is searchable
eweek and InfoWorld
Regular sources of news for techies; announcements of new standards and products, summaries of conference speeches, etc.
Loosely Coupled
Similar to above, but more technical and with an SOA focus
JackBe
News and short articles on SOA and Ajax
Application Development Trends
Primarily news; some whitepapers
Ziff Davis Buyer's Guides and White Papers
Downloadable after free registration; oriented towards IT management
Similar to above, but more technical and with an SOA focus
Fusion Zone: SOA is primarily news and managerial-type articles with an Oracle slant
Languages and Tools
WebSphere from IBM
Sun Web Services Developer Kit
XMLSuite, XMLSpy, etc.
Tools for XML, web services, etc. Beautiful interfaces. Academic license available or 30 day trial.
Stylus Studio
Tools for XML, web services, etc. 7-day trial
SOAPLite toolkit for Pearl
SOAP client for PHP
McAfee Shares Internal Web-Services Security Tool
Water language
Mindreef SOAPScope Toolkit
Web services toolkit; free trial
Miscellaneous
Training for web services
The bottom has links to vendor training, such as that at CapeClear, Systinet,Collaxa, and Grand Central. These sites have lots of information : e.g.tutorials on regular expressions and Java Web Services at CapeClear (you need to search for tutorials; there are many more than are suggested by the tab on their home page), but some require logins.

InfoWorld: Rounding up Web services intermediaries: July 02, 2004: By Phillip J. Windley : APPLICATION_DEVELOPMENT : APPLICATIONS : WEB_SERVICES

Programs to manage, monitor, bill for web services

IBM's Alphaworks site has many topics

            Not for newbies

 

RSS feed for webservices news from IBM

                Web services, SOA and Application Frameworks

                                    Making them work together to address issues such as scalability,

                                    Security, and transaction and state management.

                                    There are also links to a reading list on the left.

                                    This site, which includes the next few links, focuses on web services architecture.


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Web Servers

Goodies to Go! Newsletter #289

Hosting on windows vs. Linux/UNIX

Web Services

Sun's site for web services info and downloads

        

 

Apache

Using Apache with Microsoft Windows - Apache HTTP Server

Info on Apache for Windows

 

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The Semantic Web

Semantic Web initiative at w3c
Microformats a way to add semantic information through annotations
Costello's slides on the subject; as always a clear discussion
Microformats.org
State of the Art on (Semantic) Modeling in XML an IBM research paper
A Simple Linkage from Web Services to the Semantic Web

AJAX or Asynchronous JavaScript and XML and Web 2.0

Books, Documentation, tutorials and articles- in that order

Books

AjaxPatterns.org keeps a list of books and refers you to Amazon etc. for reviews.
Ajaxian.com also keeps a list of books with descriptions and some reviews

Documentation

The XMLHttpRequest Object
Fields in the HTTPRequest Object
The Beginning of Ajax Standardization 4/25/06

Basic tutorials and articles

What is Ajax?
Very basic introduction
Another very basic What is Ajax? - this one with links to further information
AJAX introduced
The article which named it - with a great introduction to what it is
About.com's introduction to Ajax
Keeping Up with the Ajax Trend
Slightly older but very clear introduction. Links to various Ajax debugging tools
Ajax - the issues in using
Good introduction
Ajzx - Cut thru the hype
Excellent discussion of pros and cons of using Ajax; from IBM DeveloperWorks
Demystifying the Buzz about Ajax
Assumes you are familiar with browser objects and intricasies
Ajax and REST
A further discussion of what it takes to develop Ajax sites
Ajax and alternatives
Pros and Cons of Ajax vs. applets, XUL, etc. Useful discussion, but you won't be surprised to learn these folks love Ajax
Measuring the Benefits of Ajax
From an Ajax developer, who also wonders Will Ajax Replace the Desktop?
Publish thinks it will put more desktops on line, and has links to early adopters
Top 10 Reasons Ajax is Here to Stay
Ajax Is No Overnight Success
Including Security and Performance Risks
EWeek has also written about the security issues; Ajax was used to spread a worm thru Yahoo Mail
Ajax has some problems as pointed out by Gosling, the creator of Java
Wikipedia article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of using Ajax
Ajax has accessiblity issues
But developers are working to overcome them
Putting Ajax to Work
Examples and a summary of some of the toolkits
A detailed Explanation of the XMLHttpRequestObject
This very clear article tells you all you need to know. (You can even omit the last part about interfacing with Java.)
The XML HttpRequest Object
Clear with nice summary tables; read the previous articlefirst.
Ajax Tutorial
Very basic. Uses innerHTML and not yet aware of IE 7, which supports XMLHttpRequest objects
How to Use Ajax
From Peachpit, which caters to graphic designers
Ajax Tutorial
From Tizag: level similar to w3schools tutorials
Getting Started with Ajax
From A List Apart. One example uses innerHTML (not supported by assistive broswers), but a richer example than most tutorials
XUL.fr/en/ has Ajax tutorials, demos, and a list of frameworks
How to Develop Web Applications with Ajax
Series starts in column12, continues on to column13, 14 and 15. Good explanation.
Understanding Ajax, followed by So How Do you Code an Ajax Page
Longer tutorials: first isbasic and second uses frames and non-cross browser examples, but also gets to more advanced tricks
Alternate Ajax Technologies -i.e. without XMLHttpRequest
Ajax and the Java Platform
Good article to get started, which uses almost no Java (use the server response of your choice). Note that Sun's Java Studio Creator 2 provides Ajax-like functionality for those who don't want to use Ajax directly.
Ajax and Sun's Java DB
Creating a MySQL Connection with PHP and Ajax
Usng Ajax from Perl
Ajax Active Tables allows you to edit MySQL tables in place
Symfony is a PHP toolkit which includes functions to access Ajax
AHAH is a subset of Ajax intended to be simpler
How to Use Ajax is another good tutorial to get you started
It leads to Creating Smart Forms with Ajax which includes form validation and downloadable code
Nitty Gritty Ajax
Shows how one drop-down menu can control the choices in the next drop-down menu
U. Minnesota Duluth References on JavaScript has whole section of articles on Ajax
This site is a great reference. For example, there are links to a number of articles here about making Ajax accessible as well as to tutorials.
Tutorials from Ajax Matters
Many tutorials, with descriptions, from the basic to advanced
Ajax Links found useful by developer/blogger John Wiseman

More Advanced Articles and Other Resources, Including Examples and Frameworks

IBM Resource Center on Ajax
Many articles and more advanced tutorials. A very rich site, worth checking regularly
For example, see Part 1 and Part 2 of article on AJAX vs REST
See also Mastering Ajax - 8 part series. This excellent series starts at
http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-ajaxintro1.html
Part 2 is a http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-ajaxintro2/
and changing the '2' at the end of the URL will get you to the other articles,
except for Parts 7 and 8 start at http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-ajaxintro7.html
(Parts 4-6 also explain how to manipulae the DOM)
Ajax Transport may be done by methods other than XMLHttp, as explained in this tutorial.
Mozilla's Ajax Center has many articles
AjaxInfo.com articles and enthusiasm
Ajaxian is one of the oldest and largest Ajax resources
Forums on many topics, book lists and reviews, articles, reviews of frameworks for PHP, Perl, etc. Not to be missed
Ajax Patterns
Wiki on all things related to Ajax - patterns, frameworks, libraries, books etc. Rich resource for programmers. Check out the popular pages.
Open Ajax is a consortium promoting tools for Ajax
Ajax Matters has books, tutorials, more advanced articles, and job listings.
AjaxDNA has Ajax Daily News and Analysis- lots of it, perhaps more than you want
Ajax World Magazine is similar
Developer.com list of Ajax tutorials
Extending Ajax with Flash
Jackbe articles on Ajax, Web2.0, etc.
JSON may be used to speed up AJAX
JSON is JavaScript Object Notation and is more compact than XML
See also JSON for the Masses
JSON vs XML/XMLHttpRequest in Mashups
Using Ajax to generate random codes
Uses this example to explore Ajax
The same author also show how to use Ajax to develop a chat application
Using XML HTTP Request to include javascript files and functions
Ajax Design Strategies from Sun
Callback and Ajax for .ASP programmers
Open Ajax Alliance of major vendors, open source projects, etc.
EWeek feature with news on Ajax
Using Ajax and JSON with Oracle
Google Gorup on Ajax
Pre-loading Images with Ajax and the DOM
How to pre-load thumbnails and then fetch all the full-size images with the first click on a thumbnail
WebReference has a number of Ajax articles; they are usually accessible to newbies
Creating a double dorp-down list with Ajax
Including some more advanced issues
Expanding a navigational menu with Ajax
How to improve your search engine ratings with Ajax
(or at least not have them get worse when using Ajax)
Ajax and mutual exclusion
How to avoisd concurrency problems
Examples of Applications Which Use Ajax
Top 10 Ajax applications
Zimbra,another, uses Ajax to integrate email, calendar etc.
Google Search with Ajax
API for putting a Google search on your web page; uses Ajax
Using the XML Http Request object has explanation & examples with Google's API and with JSON
Content Cafe at Quantum Books uses Ajax
Simple Quiz with Ajax
Expanding DOM tree inspector
Frameworks
Sites with links to many frameworks
AjaxInfo.com Many many links with descriptions; great resource
Ajaxian has articles on frameworks for Ajax, Ajax used with PHP, with Perl, with Ruby etc. Includes reviews by users. Great resource, but it may help to start with AjaxInfo before delving into this rich site..
Xul.com has a slightly shorter list, with comments
Seven Ajax Frameworks to watch out for
Ajax Patterns lists 150+ frameworks
Open Source Technology lists it 10favorite libraries
XUL.fr/en/ lists a number of frameworks, integrating with various languages
12 Days of Ajax has useful chart comparing various frameworks as well as more substantial description of many of them and useful set of links on the last page
The actual toolkits: the most popular are Prototype, Script.aculo.us and DoJo
Protoype
Protoype is the first open source tool set (framework) and currently the most popular. It is also the basis for script.aculo.us and other libraries. Many examples integrate with Ruby on Rails. You may also integrate Prototype with the symfony framework for PHP (for which a tutorial is available.)
Joseph Scott blogs on Prototype
Script.aculo.us
A large open source library, almost as populr as Protoype, on which it is based; integrates with Perl, PHP, Java, Ruby and everything else you can think of; scripts for animation, drag and drop, etc; DOM utilities. Easy to install. A Treasure trove.
DoJo another major open source framework for Ajax and JavaScript.
Has a new documentation kit There is a Google group and Ajaxian
has a forum on Dojo.
JSPAN
Integrates with JavaScript and PHP
AjaxTags is a lbrary for people who serve page using Java and ASP. From SourceForge (hence open source)
Clean Ajax intersting project at Source Forge, sadly without documenation
Mozilla's AJAX Tolkit with tutorials, etc.
FlapJax integrates with JavaScript and is designed to make Ajax easy; easy tutorial
Yahoo User Interface Library includes tools for Ajax, DOM, etc.
Yahoo's co nnection manager smplifies Ajax
Google web toolkit for Ajax integrates with Java
How to make your own Google Maps, host your own Gmail application etc.
JackBe tools to integrate Ajax and SOA
MochiKit
Tibco soon to be open sourced

Amazon Web Services

Amazon Reaches 50,000-Developer Mark With Its Web Services Program > May 24, 2004
How Amazon has attracted developers to write for the stores which sell on Amazon, or how Amazon Web Services counts itself as having 50,000 developers
Amazon.com : Help / AWS home page
Home page for Amazon Web Services - all you need to know is XML and SOAP
Available here too
Amazon.com : Help / AWS home page / FAQ
Amazon Web Services FAQs - including what services are available etc.
AWS includes a web services platform,
a 'scratch pad' (Turk), a search engine and many e-commerce web servcies.
Amazon's XML Interface.
Amazon Web Services: A Brief Introduction Using PHP - Website Publisher
XML.com: Amazon's Web Services and XSLT.
Article from O'Reilly decribing both the web services and the REST interace to Amazon

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Web Servers

Goodies to Go! Newsletter #289

Hosting on windows vs. Linux/UNIX

Web Services

Sun's site for web services info and downloads

        

 

Apache

Using Apache with Microsoft Windows - Apache HTTP Server

Info on Apache for Windows

 

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                Web Services - Other General Information

WDVL: Table of Contents on Web Programming

Tutorial on server-side programming and sending info from HTML forms. Excellent intro.

WDVL: Request Headers

What's in an http header

Web Services group of w3c  

            With links to many subgroups

InfoWorld: Web services alphabet soup: February 20, 2004: By Jon Udell: Application Development

Web services alphabet soup - and modularity

Web services B2B demonstration: The complete series

9-part series of a complete B2B web service implementation

Trying to make Web services make sense

Are the standards there yet?

Client and server

Intro to terms

XML.com: A Web Services Primer

primer on web services terminology

XML.com: Web Services Integration Patterns, Part 1

Patterns of web services

XML.com: Web Services Integration Patterns, Part 2

More of same

InfoWorld: Rounding up Web services intermediaries: July 02, 2004: By Phillip J. Windley : APPLICATION_DEVELOPMENT : APPLICATIONS : WEB_SERVICES

Programs to manage, monitor, bill for web services

Computerworld Development

Several articles on state of web services in 2004

IT Management: Quality Quest

Testing a SOA

IBM's Alphaworks site has many topics

            Not for newbies

The Value of a Service Oriented Architecture

           Part 1 and Part 2

Microsoft's Office Bridge to hook into web services

Web services example

 Recurrent payments and PayPal

       Training for web services

         The bottom has links to vendor training, such as that at CapeClear, Systinet

          Collaxa, and Grand Central.  These sites have lots of information – e.g. tutorials

                                  on regular expressions and Java Web Services at CapeClear, design patterns for

                                  business services at Grand Central and Middleware.

     Web Services challenges

He first is no quality of service (QOS) warranties.  There are other issues, too.

     Other web services challenges

As the files get bigger and bigger, what happens?

      Web services and security issues

                        Related to data transit

      SOAP tutorial

Usual excellent start from w3schools.com

     SOAP Primer

                        From w3.org.  If you have already worked through the w3schools tutorial,

                        Start at section 2.1

     WSDL tutorial

Usual excellent start from w3schools.com

     Examine how SOAP works

                         Interesting demos.  May need to poke around this site a bit.

                                    Can Try it!  And see the WSDL code behind it
    WS-Security is the specification for web services security
                      
This is from OASIS

                Web services, SOA and Application Frameworks

                                    Making them work together to address issues such as scalability,

                                    Security, and transaction and state management.

                                    There are also links to a reading list on the left.

                                    This site, which includes the next few links, focuses on web services architecture.

                Web Services, UDDI and eMarketplaces

                 The interaction of eBXML and WebServices
     Introduction to eBXML
                         Good introduction; follow the links at the bottom to further pages.

                 IBM's site on ontology-based web services

The Rise and Fall of CORBA- the predecessor of XML

Benefits of SOA - cases of who saved how much

Open Standard for Messages: Will interoperate with SOAP and other formats

See also IBM's problem, which they are working around.

Standard for Web Services Management

See also why IBM is embracing this.

 

The Semantic Web

Semantic Web initiative at w3c
Microformats a way to add semantic information through annotations
Costello's slides on the subject; as always a clear discussion
Microformats.org
State of the Art on (Semantic) Modeling in XML an IBM research paper

AJAX or Asynchronous JavaScript and XML and Web 2.0

Books, Documentation, tutorials and articles- in that order

Books

AjaxPatterns.org keeps a list of books and refers you to Amazon etc. for reviews.
Ajaxian.com also keeps a list of books with descriptions and some reviews

Documentation

The XMLHttpRequest Object
Fields in the HTTPRequest Object
The Beginning of Ajax Standardization 4/25/06

Basic tutorials and articles

What is Ajax?
Very basic introduction
Another very basic What is Ajax? - this one with links to further information
AJAX introduced
The article which named it - with a great introduction to what it is
About.com's introduction to Ajax
Keeping Up with the Ajax Trend
Slightly older but very clear introduction. Links to various Ajax debugging tools
Ajax - the issues in using
Good introduction
Ajzx - Cut thru the hype
Excellent discussion of pros and cons of using Ajax; from IBM DeveloperWorks
Demystifying the Buzz about Ajax
Assumes you are familiar with browser objects and intricasies
Ajax and REST
A further discussion of what it takes to develop Ajax sites
Ajax and alternatives
Pros and Cons of Ajax vs. applets, XUL, etc. Useful discussion, but you won't be surprised to learn these folks love Ajax
Measuring the Benefits of Ajax
From an Ajax developer, who also wonders Will Ajax Replace the Desktop?
Publish thinks it will put more desktops on line, and has links to early adopters
Top 10 Reasons Ajax is Here to Stay
Ajax Is No Overnight Success
Including Security and Performance Risks
EWeek has also written about the security issues; Ajax was used to spread a worm thru Yahoo Mail
Ajax has some problems as pointed out by Gosling, the creator of Java
Wikipedia article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of using Ajax
Ajax has accessiblity issues
But developers are working to overcome them
Putting Ajax to Work
Examples and a summary of some of the toolkits
A detailed Explanation of the XMLHttpRequestObject
This very clear article tells you all you need to know. (You can even omit the last part about interfacing with Java.)
The XML HttpRequest Object
Clear with nice summary tables; read the previous articlefirst.
Ajax Tutorial
Very basic. Uses innerHTML and not yet aware of IE 7, which supports XMLHttpRequest objects
How to Use Ajax
From Peachpit, which caters to graphic designers
Ajax Tutorial
From Tizag: level similar to w3schools tutorials
Getting Started with Ajax
From A List Apart. One example uses innerHTML (not supported by assistive broswers), but a richer example than most tutorials
XUL.fr/en/ has Ajax tutorials, demos, and a list of frameworks
How to Develop Web Applications with Ajax
Series starts in column12, continues on to column13, 14 and 15. Good explanation.
Understanding Ajax, followed by So How Do you Code an Ajax Page
Longer tutorials: first isbasic and second uses frames and non-cross browser examples, but also gets to more advanced tricks
Alternate Ajax Technologies -i.e. without XMLHttpRequest
Ajax and the Java Platform
Good article to get started, which uses almost no Java (use the server response of your choice). Note that Sun's Java Studio Creator 2 provides Ajax-like functionality for those who don't want to use Ajax directly.
Ajax and Sun's Java DB
Creating a MySQL Connection with PHP and Ajax
Usng Ajax from Perl
Ajax Active Tables allows you to edit MySQL tables in place
Symfony is a PHP toolkit which includes functions to access Ajax
AHAH is a subset of Ajax intended to be simpler
How to Use Ajax is another good tutorial to get you started
It leads to Creating Smart Forms with Ajax which includes form validation and downloadable code
Nitty Gritty Ajax
Shows how one drop-down menu can control the choices in the next drop-down menu
U. Minnesota Duluth References on JavaScript has whole section of articles on Ajax
This site is a great reference. For example, there are links to a number of articles here about making Ajax accessible as well as to tutorials.
Tutorials from Ajax Matters
Many tutorials, with descriptions, from the basic to advanced
Ajax Links found useful by developer/blogger John Wiseman

More Advanced Articles and Other Resources, Including Examples and Frameworks

IBM Resource Center on Ajax
Many articles and more advanced tutorials. A very rich site, worth checking regularly
For example, see Part 1 and Part 2 of article on AJAX vs REST
See also Mastering Ajax - 8 part series. This excellent series starts at
http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-ajaxintro1.html
Part 2 is a http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-ajaxintro2/
and changing the '2' at the end of the URL will get you to the other articles,
except for Parts 7 and 8 start at http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-ajaxintro7.html
(Parts 4-6 also explain how to manipulae the DOM)
Ajax Transport may be done by methods other than XMLHttp, as explained in this tutorial.
Mozilla's Ajax Center has many articles
AjaxInfo.com articles and enthusiasm
Ajaxian is one of the oldest and largest Ajax resources
Forums on many topics, book lists and reviews, articles, reviews of frameworks for PHP, Perl, etc. Not to be missed
Ajax Patterns
Wiki on all things related to Ajax - patterns, frameworks, libraries, books etc. Rich resource for programmers. Check out the popular pages.
Open Ajax is a consortium promoting tools for Ajax
Ajax Matters has books, tutorials, more advanced articles, and job listings.
AjaxDNA has Ajax Daily News and Analysis- lots of it, perhaps more than you want
Ajax World Magazine is similar
Developer.com list of Ajax tutorials
Extending Ajax with Flash
Jackbe articles on Ajax, Web2.0, etc.
JSON may be used to speed up AJAX
JSON is JavaScript Object Notation and is more compact than XML
See also JSON for the Masses
JSON vs XML/XMLHttpRequest in Mashups
Using Ajax to generate random codes
Uses this example to explore Ajax
The same author also show how to use Ajax to develop a chat application
Using XML HTTP Request to include javascript files and functions
Ajax Design Strategies from Sun
Callback and Ajax for .ASP programmers
Open Ajax Alliance of major vendors, open source projects, etc.
EWeek feature with news on Ajax
Using Ajax and JSON with Oracle
Google Gorup on Ajax
Pre-loading Images with Ajax and the DOM
How to pre-load thumbnails and then fetch all the full-size images with the first click on a thumbnail
WebReference has a number of Ajax articles; they are usually accessible to newbies
Creating a double dorp-down list with Ajax
Including some more advanced issues
Expanding a navigational menu with Ajax
How to improve your search engine ratings with Ajax
(or at least not have them get worse when using Ajax)
Ajax and mutual exclusion
How to avoisd concurrency problems
Examples of Applications Which Use Ajax
Top 10 Ajax applications
Zimbra,another, uses Ajax to integrate email, calendar etc.
Google Search with Ajax
API for putting a Google search on your web page; uses Ajax
Using the XML Http Request object has explanation & examples with Google's API and with JSON
Content Cafe at Quantum Books uses Ajax
Simple Quiz with Ajax
Expanding DOM tree inspector
Frameworks
Sites with links to many frameworks
AjaxInfo.com Many many links with descriptions; great resource
Ajaxian has articles on frameworks for Ajax, Ajax used with PHP, with Perl, with Ruby etc. Includes reviews by users. Great resource, but it may help to start with AjaxInfo before delving into this rich site..
Xul.com has a slightly shorter list, with comments
Seven Ajax Frameworks to watch out for
Ajax Patterns lists 150+ frameworks
Open Source Technology lists it 10favorite libraries
XUL.fr/en/ lists a number of frameworks, integrating with various languages
12 Days of Ajax has useful chart comparing various frameworks as well as more substantial description of many of them and useful set of links on the last page
The actual toolkits: the most popular are Prototype, Script.aculo.us and DoJo
Protoype
Protoype is the first open source tool set (framework) and currently the most popular. It is also the basis for script.aculo.us and other libraries. Many examples integrate with Ruby on Rails. You may also integrate Prototype with the symfony framework for PHP (for which a tutorial is available.)
Joseph Scott blogs on Prototype
Script.aculo.us
A large open source library, almost as populr as Protoype, on which it is based; integrates with Perl, PHP, Java, Ruby and everything else you can think of; scripts for animation, drag and drop, etc; DOM utilities. Easy to install. A Treasure trove.
DoJo another major open source framework for Ajax and JavaScript.
Has a new documentation kit There is a Google group and Ajaxian
has a forum on Dojo.
JSPAN
Integrates with JavaScript and PHP
AjaxTags is a lbrary for people who serve page using Java and ASP. From SourceForge (hence open source)
Clean Ajax intersting project at Source Forge, sadly without documenation
Mozilla's AJAX Tolkit with tutorials, etc.
FlapJax integrates with JavaScript and is designed to make Ajax easy; easy tutorial
Yahoo User Interface Library includes tools for Ajax, DOM, etc.
Yahoo's co nnection manager smplifies Ajax
Google web toolkit for Ajax integrates with Java
How to make your own Google Maps, host your own Gmail application etc.
JackBe tools to integrate Ajax and SOA
MochiKit
Tibco soon to be open sourced

Amazon Web Services

Amazon Reaches 50,000-Developer Mark With Its Web Services Program > May 24, 2004
How Amazon has attracted developers to write for the stores which sell on Amazon, or how Amazon Web Services counts itself as having 50,000 developers
Amazon.com : Help / AWS home page
Home page for Amazon Web Services - all you need to know is XML and SOAP
Available here too
Amazon.com : Help / AWS home page / FAQ
Amazon Web Services FAQs - including what services are available etc.
AWS includes a web services platform,
a 'scratch pad' (Turk), a search engine and many e-commerce web servcies.
Amazon's XML Interface.
Amazon Web Services: A Brief Introduction Using PHP - Website Publisher
XML.com: Amazon's Web Services and XSLT.
Article from O'Reilly decribing both the web services and the REST interace to Amazon

to Table of Contents